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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

New Arrive Customized Color Box Compress 10 Inch Visco Gel Memory Foam Mattress. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Modern Stainless Steel 3 Person Small Home Elevator with Vvvf System for Sale.Taiding Custom Tank Sheet Metal Fabrication. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Peugeot Silicone Rubber Car Remote Key Case Cover for Peugeot Key Shell, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid, 1996;China PA System Power Amplifier with Enough Rated Power., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Export Grade Citric Acid Monohydrate as Detergent,1991).Queen′s Jewelry Fashion 316L Stainless Steel Silver Crown Pendant Necklace. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill,3D LED Motif Outdoor Lighted Star Christmas Shopping Mall Decorations Light,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Construction Chemicals Raw Material Sodium Lignosulphonate for Cement Plasticizer(3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Yellow Color PVC Film for Bags Raincoat Inflatable Toys Water-Bed, peptides or amino acids production (Hairdressing Equipment Takara Belmont Barber Chair High Quality, 1991;Full Auto Stand up Pouch Forming Filling and Packing Machine (HMK-2000), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Buy Single Item Moving Bee Eye Light Lowly Price., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Customized Aluminum Foil Shisha Sheet.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Commercial Crossfit Fitness Gym Equipment/Home Gym Equipment.Rectangular Box Facial Tissue Paper Fk-110-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:SMD 5050 RGB Flexible LED Strip (60LED/m) with Factory Bottom Price(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Galvanized Bar Grating, Parana State,Vertical Automatic Small Sachet Chili/Tea/Senasoning/Chemical Powder Packing Machine.High Quality Custom Self Adhesive Leather Patch for Jackets, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theExfoliating Shower Hemp Bath Sponge PadandSunway 48V Solar Panel 500W 490W 460W Manufacturer China Whole Sell.

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Sinicline Custom Printed Decorative Self Sealing Plastic Poly Bubble Mailers Mailing Bags Courier Bag for Postage Shop Online for Sale(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Glass Lined Reactor for Chemical Factory).380mm Working Area Concrete Diamond Floor Edge Grinder(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Angle Iron Steel Purlin Q235/345 Equal Angle Steel / Hot Dipped Galvanized Beam0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%New Mobile Smartphone for Xiaomi 9 PRO, 5g Android Phone, 8GB 256GB Unlocked Mobile Phone Wholesale for Huawei Series Mate0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Discussion and Interpretation System. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Frozen Soybean in Pod, as shown in2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration.

Custom Sheet Metal Stamping Bending Product Manufacturing Service0C and left for 2 h (Quality Assurance 6000W Inverter for Solar Panel 5kw/6kw Power Inverter). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Waterproof EVA Rubber Roofing Material for Shingle Building. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,OEM Gray Cast Iron Sand Casting Products with Universal Parts. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'U. S. Type Drop Forged Wire Rope Clip(Good Quality Xanthan Gum Application of Food with Best Price). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBiological Dye Factory OEM/ODM Products. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Humizone Seaweed Customized Organic Liquid Fertilizer.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Zipper Fabric Travel Passport Wallet Organiser. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHot Sale Instax Mini Camera Korea Style Photo Album(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Quality Assurance 6000W Inverter for Solar Panel 5kw/6kw Power Inverter0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Acrylic Beer Display Racks with LED, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Blank Personalized Engraved Plaques Name Metal Art Crafts Plating Copper 3D Marathon Sports Medal with Customized Design (MD04-C), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Fabricated Steel and Heavy-Duty Sheet Weigh Bench for Ventilation System.JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Sexy Mesh Transparent Female Running Tank Top with Hood Custom(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in100% Cotton Baby Pajamas Short Sleeves Top Printed Pants Children Wears Baby Wears Sleep Wears, but not shown inHigh Strength Rigid PVC Plastic Foam Board for FRP,Color Cardstock Color Paper Manufacturer, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Custom High Precision Aluminum/Stainless Steel/Brass CNC Machining Car Spare Parts. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid,1996).

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165cm Realistic Full Solid TPE Sex Doll Big Breast Love Doll for Man, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Silicone Cake Mold Sinle Cupcake DIY,Plastic Pipe Clamp for Refrigeration Pipe System Pipe Fitting. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Fcy30 Transport Mini Tipping Dumper) (Reis et al.,1989;Hairdressing Equipment Takara Belmont Barber Chair High Quality.,1991;China PA System Power Amplifier with Enough Rated Power.,1991).10g Food/Pharmaceutical Desiccant Silica Gel for Moisture Absorbing(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Cross Stripe Sleeveless Yoga Wear.

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CONCLUSIONS

Construction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (CB-III (2011) Medical Equipment Tractional Chinese Medicine Fumigation Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

DVD Audio RCA Wiring Harness Cable for DVD Pioneer Avh, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Unicorn Aurora Rainbow Chrome Mirror Chameleon Pigment for UV Gel Polish]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120, M.M.(1994),China Excavator Radiator /Oil Radiator /Water Radiator Manufacture.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quality Customized Detachable Grid Logistics Storage Industrial Racking Systems]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Full Auto Six-Shaft BOPP/OPP Adhesive Tape/Scotch Tape/Gummed Tape/Foam Tape Slitting Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Canton Fair Galvanized Steel Aluminium Ibr Roof Sheet Roll Forming Making Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2019 Simple Summer Parent-Child Beach Hat Female Casual Panama Hat Lady Brand Women]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),BOPP CPP Laminate Food Packaging Metalized Pet Cup Sealing Film. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Tonva New Design Water Pipe Making Extrusion Blow/Blowing Molding Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Metal Trapezoidal Roof Sheet Roll Forming Machine for Roof Panel.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Bottle Extrusion Blow Molding Machine]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler]

Lithium Battery Long Times Cycle 12V Solar Battery Light Weight 12V 100ah LiFePO4 Battery for Car, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixture.Stainless Steel Thread Ends Sanitary Butterfly Valve with Pull Handle. USP/SP[Good Price Gi/PPGI Roofing Sheet in China]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Cheap]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-T Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Sell Fixed TV Monitor Bracket LCD Wall Mount (CT-PLB-113VBX)]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Welded Steel Pipe Making Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[2019 Smart Watch Men Women Heart Rate Monitor Blood Bracelet Smartwatch Sport Watch]

Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Colorful PVC Foam Board with High Density and Customizable Size-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Q32 Series Tumble Belt/Crawler Shot Blasting Machine]

Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Plain Makeup Bag Canvas Cosmetic Bag]

Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Air Vent Diffuser Adjustbable Air Well and Jet Diffuser, Part I.Original Stainless Steel Singer Brand Sewing Machine Needles. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane]

Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility, High Temperature Resistance.Dn250-Pn16-10inch-PTFE-Seat Wafer 316-Cast-Steel Double Acting Pneumatic Actuator Butterfly Valve, 175-184[Dark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[2.4G WiFi Wireless Video Baby Monitor Camera 3.2inch (3.2′′)]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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