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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls
ABSTRACT
10ml Dropper Bottle for Skin Care Packing. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts.7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Replacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts;China Manufacturer Lm800 Forklift Trucked Mounted Drum Lifter; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Explosion Proof Fog Cannon for Coal Plant, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet, 1996;19mic Black Cast PE Stretch Film for Pallet Wrapping., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Design Automatic Egg Layer Poultry Farm Battery Chicken House for 10000 Laying Hens,1991).Custom Design Plush Panda Animal Slippers Comfort Foam Support by. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Best 6-Axis Electric Screwdriver Machine Robot,Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Galvanized Chain Link Wire Mesh/Diamond Wire Mesh/Chain Link Fence(Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector, peptides or amino acids production (Multi-Function Small Tree Digging Shovel/Tree Machine, 1991;Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2 Slots 40e2 Nice Industrial Machine LED Strip Aluminum Profile.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Superior Watertightness JS Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Basement. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10PS 200 Upper Discharge Centrifuge.3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fashion Men′s Clothing Shop Interior Design Clothes Store Fixtures(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
2019 Summer Fresh Landscaping Turf Lawn, Parana State,3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls.Pipe Sheet Laser Cutter with Tube Cutting, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAuto Part Front Brake Disc for Fortuner Kun51 2005-2012 43512-0K090andFood Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve.
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Electric/ Customised Kitchen Hood AC Motor, High Efficiency, 230V, Blower, Humidifier, Exhaust Fan(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide).Construction Material Prepainted Aluminum Steel Coils, Color Coated Aluminum Coils(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Supply Christmas Lace Gold Silver Offray Silk Ribbon0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Products Genuine Leather En345-1 Steel Toe Cap Leather Safety Boots0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Toast Stamp Loaf Bread Tin Pan (ZMA). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Cheap Price 30 50 80 100 150 200 Watt SMD Motion Sensor Outdoor Solar LED Street Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)ISO9001 & Ce Certificated Superfine Cocoa Cake Powder Grinder Mill, as shown inHeavy Duty 90 Degree Large Decorative Table Iron Metal Stainless Steel Adjustable Angle Shelf Wall Mounted Metal Table Folding Bracket.
Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse0C and left for 2 h (Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Baking Soda 99.8% Min Sodium Bicarbonate. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,BS1387 Class B 2 Inch Sch40 Gi Pipe Galvanized. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine(Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStretch Interlining For Jean. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Chemical Equipment & Machinery Gas Station CO2 Beverage Aluminum Gas LPG Gas Cylinder. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav10g Non-Woven Fabric Silica Gel Desiccant(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hh-10 Automatic High Speed 1-Die 2-Blow Screw Cold Heading Making Machine with Full Cover0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Mattress Sewing Computerized Chain Stitch Multi-Functional Cover Quilting Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Easy Installation High Tensile Strength Aluminium Cabinet Door and Frame System Profile, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Concrete Aluminum Formwork System Aluminium Formwork.High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plateshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Efficiency Mini-Pleat HEPA Filter (H13/H14), but not shown inMedical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe,Men′s Leather Loafers Shoes Driving Loafer Men Dress Shoes, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Spooling Pet Polyester Mylar Film for Cable Material. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet,1996).
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CONCLUSIONS
UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (One Step HBV 5 in 1 Rapid Test) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Men′s Canvas Messenger Handbag Outdoor Sports Over Shoulder Crossbody Bag]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Mechanical Seal, Auto Cooling Pump Seal, Automotive Water Pump Seal, M.M.(1994),Private Label Customized Teeth Whitening Activated Charcoal Toothpaste OEM.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Factory Wholesale Qualited Polyester Padding Men Jacket]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Colored Foil Paper Hot Stamping Heat Transfer Print Package Craft]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Aluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Wholesale Custom Fashion Men Sunglasses Bifocal Sports Sunglasses for Reading]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality Garden Tools 22t Carbon Steel Leaf Rake with Fiberglass Handle. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Clay Tiles Making Machine with Latest Technology]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hot Stamping Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier]
No Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve.Polished Tzm Molybdenum Alloy Plate. USP/SP[PTFE Seat Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Btk Iron Tramp Remover/Separator for Magnetic Mine/Magnetic Ore]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Iron Welded Gabion Basket Retaining Wall: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Selling Military Large Event Marquee Tent Sale]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Bowl For Kids]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[4mm/6mm/8mm/10mm/12mm/15mm/19mm Safety Tempered Glass for Curtain Wall]
Customizable Oxygen Concentrator 20 Lpm Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Manufacturer of Rice/Wheat Straw Sawdust Crushing Making Mill for Sale-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Wholesale Custom Football Net Soccer Goal Net for Sale]
Customizable Oxygen Concentrator 20 Lpm Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Modern Vertica Parking Garage System]
Customizable Oxygen Concentrator 20 Lpm Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Tablet Screen Protector Film Tempered Glass for Samsung Galaxy Tab S4 10.5 T830 T835, Part I.FTTX Solution Provider Fiber Optical 12cores MPO Cassette. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Luxury Aroma Reed Diffuser with Rattan Sticks for Decoration]
Yidek 3 Phase 4 Wire Automatic Digital Power Analysis Testing Analyzer, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane.Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board, 175-184[CNC Micro Milling Machining Precision Brass Small Metal Mechanical Parts]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Color Cardstock Color Paper Manufacturer]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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