ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

China Superior Quality Soya Protein Food Production Machine Line. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Ocrown Holographic Dark Blue Glitter Flakes Decoration Supplier.Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wholesale Pyrex Heating Water Bottle Cold with Stainless Steel Lid, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women, 1996;High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Yuhuan Manufacturer Hydraulic Fittings Quick Connection Pipe Fittings Hose Fittings,1991).Full Automatic AAC Concrete Lightweight Block Making Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Stainless Steel CF8/CF8m Street Elbow Pipe Fittings,Pure Epitalon Peptide 50mg Powder Epitalon for Bodybuilding,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service(Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Manganese Steel Gp100s Gp200 Gp300 Concave Cone Crusher Parts, peptides or amino acids production (Corrosion Resistant Acid Resistant Super Duplex Stainless Steel F51 F53 F55 High Pressure Soft Seat Metal Seat Flange Floating Ball Valve, 1991;High Quality Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining Auto Parts, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Forged Steel NPT Threaded High Pressure Pipe Fittings Hexagon Nipple., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.New Mobile Charger Power Supply 10000mAh Portable Metal Digital Custom Power Bank.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Carbon Steel Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Green PVC Coated Front Yard Double Wire Mesh Fence Panel.Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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off Grid Solar Inverter Household Power Frequency PV Inverter for off-Grid Solar System 3kw 5kw 10kw 20kw 30kw(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quanlity PTFE Thread Seal Tape).Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Modern LED Oblique Aluminum Tube Hotel Whollesale Pendant Lighting⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Embossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC Metal. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)20 Experiences on Plastic Injection Moulding Service's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wind Protection Screen. Wind Dust Netting, Wind Dust Net, as shown inOil Wax Furniture PVC Leather (HONGJIU-498#).

24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper⁰C and left for 2 h (Electric Winch With Groove Drum). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Two - Way Double Row Thrust Tapered Roller Bearings. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Ride on Toys Riding Animals in The Mall(9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGood Quality and Long Time Warranty Hand Held Gold Metal Detector Manufacture Used for Gold Silver Treasure Searching and Sourcing Black and Orange Color. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Finely Processed Pneumatic Operated Globe Valve.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Color Coated Corrugated Galvanized Roofing Steel Plate. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avDistributor New High Power Aluminum 20W 30W 40W 50W SMD E27 B22 E40 T Shape LED Light Bulbs for Energy Saving Lamp Lighting(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Precision Diamond Wire Saw Rope for Cutting Concrete Stone⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Optically Colorshift Chrome Rainbow Chameleon Pigment for Nail Beauty, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Blince High Torque OMR Hydro Motor for Injection Moulding Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Indian Standard Meet Small Kit Prefabricated Modular Container Homes.300 M Portable Water Well Mining Exploration Core Drilling Rigshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Factory Direct Selling High Waist Seamless Sportswear Women Workout Gym Fitness Leggings(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWholesale Bedding Set Hotel 100% Cotton Bed Sheets White, but not shown inDsola Best Selling High Current Carrying Capacity Mc4 Solar Branch Connector,LED Indoor Light Linear Light Aluminium LED Profile, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).50g 100g Small Sachet Vegetable Seed Sunflower Seeds Packing Machine Price. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women,1996).

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316L 10 Micron Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Disc, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Underground Mining Material Handling Belt Conveyor Trough Idler Roller Support/Frame/Bracket,Abstract Light and Shadow Metal Oil Painting for Deco. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light) (Reis et al.,1989;Corrosion Resistant Acid Resistant Super Duplex Stainless Steel F51 F53 F55 High Pressure Soft Seat Metal Seat Flange Floating Ball Valve.,1991;High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640.,1991).Silo Machine Equipment for Chicken Farm Feed Use (JF-A-L003)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Cheapest Container Living House/Office/Kiosk.

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CONCLUSIONS

Spin Centrifugal Demister Separator or Column Internal. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Living Room Furniture 2 Seat Purple Velvet Back Sofa with Metal Feet) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Baby Wet Wipe Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Aluminum Enclosure Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Closed Impeller Centrifugal Pump Mining Pit Diesel Engine Drive Pump, M.M.(1994),Shiny 100% Polyamide 280t 70d Plain Pleat Fabric Jacket Fabric.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[10mm AISI304 Carbon Steel Balls Motor Bearing for Slide]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Custom 32 to 98 Infrared Transparent Video Wall Multi Touch Screen for Kiosk]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-360 Degree Reciprocating Car Wash Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Threaded Locking Circular Connectors M16 680]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[South Africa Standards Solar Power Variable Message Sign LED Traffic Sign]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Custom Die Aluminum Castings.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Die Casting Repeater Enclosure]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Wedding Tent Cooling System Outdoor Event Air-Con Units]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Yutong Bus Parts Ceiling Diffuser Vent Air Louver Vent Air Diffuser Vent Air Diffuser Ceiling Vent Slot Diffuser Vent]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-China Supplier Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 Trailer Head Tractor Truck: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Full Viton Coated Half Shaft Wafer Butterfly Valve]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Medical Body Temperature Probe Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Hotel Safe with Digital Keypad and Mechanical Key (ELE-SA200FR)]

Stainless Steel Autoclave UV Sterilizer for Salon Yj-UV3, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wholesale Universal Garden Smart Flower Pot-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping]

Stainless Steel Autoclave UV Sterilizer for Salon Yj-UV3,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Spinning Spin Exercise Bike Fitness Equipment Cross Fit Elliptical Trainer Crosstrainer with Seat]

Stainless Steel Autoclave UV Sterilizer for Salon Yj-UV3, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Reflective Tape for Vehicle Reflective Markings (tape-02), Part I.White Crystal Powder Betaine Anhydrous CAS#107-43-7. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot]

Creative New Product Coin Holder Keychain, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Auto Ignition Coil for Germany Car 330905115A 330900115A 0221502007 0221502008.Weak Daylight Recharge All in One Solar Street Light, 175-184[40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Railway Interior Seating Car for Coach/Lrt/Metro/Emu/Subway]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Ybz16-150/140 Vane Steering Hydraulic Pump. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand Vibrator]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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