ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Plastic Recycling Centrifugal Dewatering Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Biostimulant Manufacturer Natural Seaweed Extract Liquid Fertilizer

ABSTRACT

EAS Anti-Theft Optical Security Tag for Glasses Bottle. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Single Phase Digital Electric Power Meter.Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Diamond Jewellery Ring with Butterfly. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.28mm China High Quality Supplier Screw Cannon Cap for Bottle, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Good Quality R134A Refrigerant Copper Tube Fin Heat Exchanger, 1996;Non-Standard Customized Junction Waterproof Box Electronic ABS Plastic Enclosure., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Nonwovenface Mask Production Line,1991).Wholesale Professional Indoor&Outdoor Trampoline Park. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Cheap Original Laptop for DELL Inspiron 13 7000 13.3 FHD Laptop, I7-8550u 8GB 256GB SSD, Win 10,HVAC Ventilation Supply Air Return Grille Air Vent,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Luxury Design French Style MDF/HDF Molded Wood Door Skin Solid Wooden 2 Panel Wood Door(Good Quality R134A Refrigerant Copper Tube Fin Heat Exchanger, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,65 Inch LCD Touch Screen Interactive Smart Meeting, Office, Educational Equipment Whiteboard, peptides or amino acids production (High Output Vulcanizing Press Machine, 1991;CO2 Metal Tube Laser Marking Machine for Cloth Leather Plastic Glass, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;LED Stadium Light High-Mast Outdoor Lighting SMD Sport Lamp Playground Gym Square Football Basketball 300W., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Transmission Ultrasound Gel /20ml, 250ml, 5L.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Performance Stay Wire, Zinc Coated Steel Wire Galvanized Steel Wire. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Good Quality R134A Refrigerant Copper Tube Fin Heat Exchanger, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence.Food Grade Ivory Paper Cupcake Boxes-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Slide Switch - DC Power Jack RoHS(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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IP Camera Infrared Wireless WiFi Security Vari-Focal Lens PTZ Camera(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Puer/off White Melamine Particle Board/MDF Board).European Hotel Decorative Natual Shell Square Standing Floor Lamp(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Pengkai Domestic Underground Sewage Treatment Plant Aao Process⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,PV Serial Bevel Gearbox for Drilling Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Customized Copper/ Aluminum Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturer for Digital Board's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Solar DC Water Pump, Solar Submersible Pumping System, as shown inFactory 3.6V 1800mAh NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack AA.

55 Inch Floor Stand in Store Outdoor LCD Digital Signage Display Monitor Touch Screen Kiosk with PC⁰C and left for 2 h (Pickled Cucumber Production Line/Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Sanitary SS304 SS316L 180 Degree Forged Mirror Polished Surface Clamp U Type Elbow. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Supply Eco-Friendly Hot Press Coil Car Mats for Toyota Prius 20/30/C/V. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Manufacturer Mini Cultivator for Small or Garden Farming(Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC Flooring). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPlastic Equal Tee /HDPE Water Pipe-Used Compact Tee 20~630 mm. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Stainless Steel Art-Screen for Lobby. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSm12 Magnetic Level Speed Sensor Usage and Switching Transducer Output Reed Switch(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Boat Deck Drainage Snow Rubber Flooring/Standing Desk Mat⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Coil Sheet Automatic Feeder with Straightener Press Feeders Straighteners Uncoilers 3 in 1 Servo Feed-Straighteners Help to Making Electric Parts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Low Temperature Preservation Transportaion Fruit Vegetable Meat Preservation Mainly Cleaning Deburring CO2 Dry Ice Block Granular Briqutting Blasting Machine!, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC Flooring.Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Outdoor Portable Insulated Thermal Tote Cooler Bag for Lunch(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSelf Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholic, but not shown inHotel Security Improvement Zinc Alloy Door Chain,Customized Design Steel Structure Prefabricated House for Workshop/Workshop/Hangar/Garage, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Factory Cheap Price Wholesale Black Nickel Bag O Ring Metal, Professional Custom 43mm Metal O-Ring for Bag. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Good Quality R134A Refrigerant Copper Tube Fin Heat Exchanger,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Belt Conveyor in Heavy Duty Industry for Mining, Coal, Power. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Roots Vacuum, Vacuum Pump, Pulp Making Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Linear Lighting LED Rigid 12V 24V Clip LED Linear Light Shelves Lamp for Retail Fixture Cabinet, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.fwt-pipefitting.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,3-Way T Type Elbow Quick Connect Pneumatic Fitting, M.M.(1994),China Superior Quality Soya Protein Food Production Machine Line.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[12V200ah/12V150ah/12V100ah VRLA Lead Acid AGM UPS Industrial Storage Battery]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Blue Silica Gel with Indicating]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ocrown Holographic Dark Blue Glitter Flakes Decoration Supplier. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[8 Inch Computer Program Control 78cm Paper Cutter (QZK780D-8)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Disposable Barbecue BBQ Mesh Grill Netting Mesh for Korea]

Heidemann, E.(1997),E2000/APC Connector Type Plug-in Female to Male Fixed Fiber Optic Attenuator.Leder 48,(5),99-104[asiamzsteel.com]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Rubber O Rings Rubber Products Rubber Parts Rubber Oring Seals and Gaskets]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Wholesale Fashion Jewellery Lady Eardrop Earrings for Women: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Shenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Industrial 300lb Stainless Steel CF8 Ball Valve Manufacturer]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Carbon Steel Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line]

High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Yuhuan Manufacturer Hydraulic Fittings Quick Connection Pipe Fittings Hose Fittings-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[1X8 Insert Type Fiber Optic PLC Splitter Sc/APC Connector]

High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Single Spindle Micro CNC Lathe Ck0640]

High Quality Cheap Small Metal Hard Guide Way Flat Bed Horizontal CNC Lathe Machine Ck0640, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Full Automatic AAC Concrete Lightweight Block Making Machine, Part I.Stainless Steel CF8/CF8m Street Elbow Pipe Fittings. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[FKM Bearing Oil Seal /Customized]

Pure Epitalon Peptide 50mg Powder Epitalon for Bodybuilding, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service.High Manganese Steel Gp100s Gp200 Gp300 Concave Cone Crusher Parts, 175-184[Algic Acid Sodium Alginate Suppliers for Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Corrosion Resistant Acid Resistant Super Duplex Stainless Steel F51 F53 F55 High Pressure Soft Seat Metal Seat Flange Floating Ball Valve. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Vacuum Type Single Facer Corrugator]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Stainless Steel Handweel Three-Way Non-Retention Ball ValveAuthor for correspondence