ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Lumen Aluminum Shell 12V DC 30W LED Street Light Bulb. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Magic DIY Bouncing Plasticine Magnetic Thinking Putty Toy for Kids Adults

ABSTRACT

Document Storage Durable Metal Wire Mesh Decking for Pallet Rack. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Mosquito Proof Fiberglass Fly Screen.Crystal Glass Rose Flower Wedding Table Decorations (JD-CF-100). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Baby Gym Toy with Piano Plastic Baby Cartoon Toys (H8732042), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car, 1996;SKF Koyo Timken Bearing 29880/29820d Lm451349/10CD Ee275105/275156CD Ee275105/275156D Ee275105/275161d Taper Roller Bearing., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Cooling Tower Replaced Fill Media,1991).A234 Wpb Dn150 Std Lr 90 Degree Seamless Elbow. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Bulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear,Stainless Steel Expanded Mesh,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate 70%/AES SLES 68585-34-2(Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Lf + Hf Contactless Smart Hybrid Card, peptides or amino acids production (Pop Custom Cardboard Corrugated Paper Retail Store Floor Display for Sunglasses, 1991;LED Fairy Star Light for All Kinds of Decoration Skylike, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Creality Cr-10 V2 3D Printer with Removable Build Surface Plate and UL Certified Power Supply., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Linear Vibrator Screener, for Granule and Powder Selection and Classification.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Infant Apparel Coat Toddler Children′s Product Clothes 1-3 Years Old, Infant Cartoon Hoodie Fleece Jacket. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Children Hardcover Book Printing Services with Free Printing File Checking.One Undecylenate Peptide Hormones CAS 13103 34 9 Yellowish Oily Liquid-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Global Brands 10 Year Cheaper Hook & Loop Tape Male Side(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Large Size Stone Aluminum Honeycomb Panel for Facade, Parana State,Magic DIY Bouncing Plasticine Magnetic Thinking Putty Toy for Kids Adults.Outdoor Show Audio Vera12+ Upgraded Passive Line Array Speaker System, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theEmbossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC MetalandHot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser.

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Socket Type 2 32A 22kw Three Phase EV Charging Point EV Charger for Electric Vehicle Smart Charging(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (OEM Light-Weight Aluminium Die Casting Casing Parts for Auto Parts).Making Machine for EVA Soft Hose(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Cummins Diesel Engine ISM11 Qsm11 Fuel Injector Repair Rebuilt Parts Injector Cup Nozzle 4903474⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Efficiency Air Cooled Air Source Water Chiller Heat Pump⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Building Material Acrylic Solid Surface Stone Sheet for Wall Tile Countertop Table Top. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)12oz 16oz Glass Mason Jar with Handle and Straw's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Mini Freeze Dryer for Sale, as shown in200m Range Video DVR Imagers for Hunting Digital Infrared Night Vision.

5 Years Warranty Rubber Refining Mill Machine for Mixing Rubber⁰C and left for 2 h (High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Aws A5.1 E6013 Welding Electrode in Carbon Steel Structure. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,CNC Turning Brass Part for Power Cable Connector, 24K Gold-Plated, Engraved. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality and Efficient Combustion UHP Graphite Electrode(High Flex Mdr 26 to SDR 26 Power Over Cable with Thumbscrews Locking and PVC Jacket). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inm.essiai.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Graphite Ring Good Lubrication.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Flat Head Six-Lobe with Gasket Self Tapping Screws. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avDIN/ANSI/BS/JIS Carbon-Steel/Stainless-Steel Two-Step Dowel Pin Positioning Fixed Fitness Pin Screw(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.0.6m 20W Modern Commercial Indoor LED Linear Trunking Tube Lighting⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Weiying Full Computerized Plain and Invisible Sock knitting Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Made in China 12 Inch Aluminum Flexible Duct PipeandDisposable Food Packaging Paper Soup Bowl with Lids. Enzymatic (500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball)Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication Part(sulfuric acid)Fng Circular Push Pull Male Connectors with Lanyard 0b 6pins(Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Trade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Trade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Quality Needle Rollers for Bearings.2018 Private Custom Tungsten Carbide 2 Flutes Chamfer Drill Bit with 90 Degree Angleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Heavy Duty Steel Warehouse Storage Pallet Rack(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPet Strapping Band Production Line, but not shown in500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball,Coil Auto Ignition Coil, Chery Automobile Ignition Coi for Chery QQ01.1. Chang ′an Star Q5 OEM: S11-3705010ab, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car,1996).

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Meet All Industry Needs with Openly Design High Temperature Oven, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.380V 3.0HP Peristaltic Pump Swimming Pool Pump,Top-Grade 100ml Thick Bottom Transparent Mini Glass Wine Bottles for Wine Crafts. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Wire Mesh Welding Size 10mm X 10mm) (Reis et al.,1989;Pop Custom Cardboard Corrugated Paper Retail Store Floor Display for Sunglasses.,1991;SKF Koyo Timken Bearing 29880/29820d Lm451349/10CD Ee275105/275156CD Ee275105/275156D Ee275105/275161d Taper Roller Bearing.,1991).14 Gauge Twist Galvanized Black Annealed Steel Wire(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,2L 3L 5L HDPE Bottle Automatic Blow Moulding Machinery.

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CONCLUSIONS

Fully Automatic Digital Pid Temperature Controller. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Ep/ Nn/Chevron Heat Resistant Conveyor Belt Rubber Conveyor Belt) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Good Service EPS Psc300 Polystyrene Cutter]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wholesale Bakeware Metal Stainless Steel Blade Pasta & Pastry Cutter, M.M.(1994),Full-Automatic Folding Napkin Paper Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[1/2′′ X 4feet Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Mesh Roll]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[AISI 430 Ba/2b Embossed Stainless Steel Sheet]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Abstract Light and Shadow Metal Oil Painting for Deco]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descaling. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed]

Heidemann, E.(1997),10mm Tempered Bathroom Glass Safety Glass for Building.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Eye Bolts M30 DIN580 Anchor Lifting Rigging]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Cute Cartoon Coin Purse Children Zipper Purse]

Sports Compression Ankle Brace Breathable Ankle Support Plantar Fasciitis Socks, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),3 Thickness HVAC Egg Crate Grille Aluminum Egg Crate Sheet.Cattle Feed Factory Used Dust Collector and Filter. USP/SP[Construction Material Hoist Rack and Pinion]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[China Supplier AC DC E27 Emergency Rechargeable LED Bulb LED Bulb]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging Box: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Water Tube Metal The Pipe Stub Ss Male Steel Underground Easy Hose Four Way Tee Quick Connect High Quality Tube Connector]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Carbon Steel Spherical Plain Radical Bearings]

Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube]

Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator]

Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:304 Stainless Steel Tube Sanitary Capillary Tube 0.8X0.05mm, Part I.Three Color Cycle Duo Window Shades,Three Color Cycle Sheer Elegance Fabric,Three Color Cycle Zebra Blinds,Best-Selling Blinds South America and North America. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Puer/off White Melamine Particle Board/MDF Board]

Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Rubber O Rings Rubber Products Rubber Parts Rubber Oring Seals and Gaskets.Australia Two Pins Power Cord with SAA Certification, 175-184[Good Quality Supply Personalized 30ml Hotel Shampoo Bottle]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Factory 3.6V 1800mAh NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack AA]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),87000kpsi Waterjet Intensifier Parst HP Ceramic Plunger. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Pickled Cucumber Production Line/Making Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC FlooringAuthor for correspondence