ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Silicone Cake Mold Sinle Cupcake DIY. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Plastic Pipe Clamp for Refrigeration Pipe System Pipe Fitting.10g Food/Pharmaceutical Desiccant Silica Gel for Moisture Absorbing. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Cross Stripe Sleeveless Yoga Wear;Construction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.DVD Audio RCA Wiring Harness Cable for DVD Pioneer Avh, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120, 1996;China Excavator Radiator /Oil Radiator /Water Radiator Manufacture., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Canton Fair Galvanized Steel Aluminium Ibr Roof Sheet Roll Forming Making Machine,1991).BOPP CPP Laminate Food Packaging Metalized Pet Cup Sealing Film. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Metal Trapezoidal Roof Sheet Roll Forming Machine for Roof Panel,CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixture,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stainless Steel Thread Ends Sanitary Butterfly Valve with Pull Handle(Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,T Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale, peptides or amino acids production (Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest, 1991;Colorful PVC Foam Board with High Density and Customizable Size, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Air Vent Diffuser Adjustbable Air Well and Jet Diffuser., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Original Stainless Steel Singer Brand Sewing Machine Needles.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility, High Temperature Resistance.Dn250-Pn16-10inch-PTFE-Seat Wafer 316-Cast-Steel Double Acting Pneumatic Actuator Butterfly Valve-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Chemical Product Sodium Gluconate Used for Concrete AdmixtureAlcalase2.5 L DX,Adding Water Rice Pulping Machine/Soybean Grinding Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Automatic Double Tea Bag Packing Machinery (Model DXDCH-10B)); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Hot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small Tire, Parana State,165cm Realistic Full Solid TPE Sex Doll Big Breast Love Doll for Man.Hanging Necklace Fan USB Rechargeable Battery Operated Fan, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAtf-805 Auto Transmission System Flushing Machine with CE/SGSandTumble Belt Type Shot Blasting Machine for Iron Castings Parts.

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Aluminum Mushroom Rround Head Solid Rivet (Round head)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Cuticle Aligned Raw Virgin Hair Easy to Dye Real Mink Brazilian Hair).Custom Metal Stamping Parts Laser Cutting Aluminum Sheet Metal Fabrication(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Warm Women Suede Leisure Snow Boots for Winter (FF-1)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Good Quality Xanthan Gum Application of Food with Best Price⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wet Wire Drawing Machine for High Carbon Mattress Spring Wire. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)120W Ultra Light Solar Blanket Panel for Camping, Caravan, Motorhome's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Effluent Treatment Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate 98%, as shown inAluminum Low Profile Adjustable Bracket.

Rechargeable 9V Li Ion Battery with Micro USB Charging Port⁰C and left for 2 h (Industrial Oil Cooler Titanium  Shell and Tube Oil Cooler  for Water Pump). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Transport System China Manufacturer for Table Belt Conveyor. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Antique Gold/Copper Coin/Bright Gold/Copper London Ride Medal. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Luxury PU Leather Wine Suitcase Storage Suitcase Travel Suitcase (1681)(22 Inch Wall Mountdigital Photo Frame Interactive Touch Screen Bus Media Player Advertising Poster). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inThrust Electric Trolling Motor. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Ferrite Core for Power Transformer (Ee16e). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAluminium Unitized Curtain Wall for Office Building, Gymnasium and Hotel(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Flexible Magnetic Rubber Sheet Soft Magnetic Tape⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Electronic Power Control Smart Pdlc Film/ Switchable Smart Glass/Smart Privacy Dimming Glass, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Electric Wine Bottle Opener K020, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board.Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Testershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Diesel Engine Type Zzs Sand Vibrating Screen(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication, but not shown inWooden Heavy Door All Kind of Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge,Plastic LDPE HDPE Pipe Tube Extrusion Production Line for Water Supply, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Bluetooth Smart Watch with Heart Rate Monitor for Men 72087. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

New Arrival Wooden Kids Cleaning Set Toy for Education W10d251. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Automatic Double Tea Bag Packing Machinery (Model DXDCH-10B)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Vertical Type Automatic Box Erector Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Antiskid Slippers]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Air Cooled Scroll Type Water Chiller for Industrial Process, M.M.(1994),Pn6.3 8 10 16 3 4 5 Inch Water Supply Pipe and Plumbing Conduits Fittings Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Pipes for Potable Cold Water Supplies China.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Flexible Magnetic Rubber Sheet Soft Magnetic Tape]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Vertical Automatic Sachet Bag Water Juice Milk Liquid Filling Packing Pouch Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Auto Part Front Brake Disc for Fortuner Kun51 2005-2012 43512-0K090. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Ep/Nn/EPP Industrial Rubber Conveyor Belt]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Rotary Vibrating Sieve Machine for Compost. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[100%Polyester Satin Fabric for Blouse]

Heidemann, E.(1997),I9s Tws Wireless Earphone Portable Bluetooth Headset Earbud.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Branched Chain Amino Acid Powder]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Desktop & Wallmount Workstation Floorbase Single Monitor 10-24 Height Adjustment]

Precision Engineering Parts Bearing Support Unit for Ball Screw, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine.Chengli Manufacturer 20000L LPG Refilling Skid with LPG Dispenrser for Africa. USP/SP[Lantern for Garden Decoration]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Modern Carbon Fiber Bathroom Vanity Combo with Mirror Cabinet: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Multi-Function Small Tree Digging Shovel/Tree Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Jerky Packaging Laminate Film]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Custom Stainless Steel Double Small Torsion Spring]

Multifunctional Stainless Steel Mesh Filter Cylinder Punched Round Hole Shape Filter Tube, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Condoms/Sex Toys/Capsule Toy Vending Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[1 Ton Chain Pulley Block with Geared Trolley]

Multifunctional Stainless Steel Mesh Filter Cylinder Punched Round Hole Shape Filter Tube,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Spooling Pet Polyester Mylar Film for Cable Material]

Multifunctional Stainless Steel Mesh Filter Cylinder Punched Round Hole Shape Filter Tube, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Abstract Decorative Oil Wall Paintings on Ultra Clear Low Iron Glass (MR-YB6-2046B), Part I.Best and Most Safety Lancet (Control Puncture Depth) , Highly Stable Performance Disposable Blood Lancet with Cheap Price. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Micro-Combustion Tube]

Outdoor Type 40kgs Movable Ice Maker for Store Use, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Motorcycle Accessories with MIM Part by Metal Injection Molding Technology with Precision and Complex Metal Parts.Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale, 175-184[GRP Weather Resistant Roof Building Sheet Making Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Chemical Product Sodium Gluconate Used for Concrete Admixture]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2*2 4G Lte MIMO Antenna Rrouter/CPE. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Us Standard WiFi Smart Wall Outlet Mini Smart Plug Works with Alexa Google Home American Pattern Mobile Phone Wireless Plug Enabled Voice Control Smart Socket]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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