ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Impact Sound Isolation Wall Clip. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Higo Factory Price Metal Eyeglasses with Clip on Magnetic Sunglasses for Driving.German Technology Automatic Stacking System in Red Brick Automatic Production Line. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Yutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, 1996;Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (100% Acrylictoddler Baby Fleece Beanie Knit Hat Winter Kids with Earflap,1991).Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds,Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Handheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep(Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom Golden Security Variable Printed 3D Anti-Faked Hologram Sticker Waterproof Printing, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed, 1991;Hinge Joint Fence/Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Animal Fence, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Underground Garden 6W High Power Outdoor LED Lawn Light.Stamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languages, Parana State,Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical).Holo Sequins Nail Salon Decor Laser Glitter Dust Flakes Decoration, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the2*2 4G Lte MIMO Antenna Rrouter/CPEandSinicline Custom Printed Decorative Self Sealing Plastic Poly Bubble Mailers Mailing Bags Courier Bag for Postage Shop Online for Sale.

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Square Plastic PP Geocomposite Drainage Blind Ditch/Drain(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Handwear Muslim Islamic Jewelry Halal Ring Lovers Titanium Steel Ring Stainless Steel Jewelry).Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Bobby Flay Websites Restaurant Martha Stewart Designer Tray's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic PVC Window Decking Profile/Ceiling/ Door Board/Wall Panel/Edge Banding/Sheet Extrusion Extruding Machine Production Line, as shown inCute Clear Fanny Pack Stadium Security PVC Waist Bag.

Airport Runway Reinforced PP Twist Fiber Toghter with Mesh Fiber⁰C and left for 2 h (Excellent Milling Ball CS36 Series Ceramic Grinding Media in Mining and Minerals Industry for Horizontal and Vertical Mills). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag(Home Kitchen Water Purification Ozone Generator 1000mg). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inQ971f Thin Wafer Stainless Steel 316 Motorized Ball Valve 1000 Wog. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBest Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inchand1325 CNC Engraving Router. Enzymatic (Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel)T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling(sulfuric acid)Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines(Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218.Women′s Tote Bag Small Canvas Shoulder Bag Daily Working Handbagshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inThermal Insulated Basalt Rock Wool Rolls with Wire Mesh for Roofing, but not shown in24volt Rechargeable LiFePO4 24V 100ah-a Li-ion Battery Pack for Marine Boat,Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles,1996).

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Top Quality Waterproof IP66 Aluminum Die Cast Junction BoxandFoldable Bed Military Cot for Campingshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Mini Blown Film Extrusion.Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHeavy Duty Wood Door Calibrating Wide Belt Sander, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac(Condell et al.,1993) .

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High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning,Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Humic Acid Bio-Fertilizer Granule Making Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed.,1991;Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine.,1991).Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight.

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CONCLUSIONS

3D Embossed Iron on Label Clothing Heat Transfer Label. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Glass Food Jar & Plastic Lid, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Sports Cap]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,0-10V Analog 1000mm Linear Position String Encoders Rotary Encoder String Potentiometer, M.M.(1994),Easy Operation Low Investment Cassava Silo.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Nylon Balance Bike with Water Transfer Printing Malaysia]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[65 Inch Smart Digital 3D 4K UHD Flat Screen Television Color LCD LED TV]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-CNC 4FT Wood Log Rounder Log Debarker Machine for Plywood Making. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Angle Iron Steel Purlin Q235/345 Equal Angle Steel / Hot Dipped Galvanized Beam]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fabric Wrapped Oil Resistant Flexible Rubber Fuel Hose]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Building Material High Quality 316 Stainless Steel Grating.Leder 48,(5),99-104[806-960mhz Directional Antenna]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[SDS160 50mm/160mm Socket Fusion HDPE PPR Pipe Butt Welder]

Day and Night Zebra Blind Fabric Z1602, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Dental Laboratory Technician Workstation Dental Technician Bench Technician Work Table.Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine. USP/SP[FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Hardness Industrial Aluminum Extrusion Alloy Profile for Table Frame and LED Light Frame]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Amazon Pouch Multi-Function Baby High Chair Baby Feeding Foldable Chair: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[5in1 Mug Heat Press Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Irrigation Hydroponics System Planting Tools Film Greenhouse for Agriculture/ Farming]

Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Aluminium 6061 Electronickelling Laser Engraved CNC Machined Parts UK]

Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[DC 12V Wireless Remote Control Gate Garage Duplicator Jh-Tx306]

Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine, Part I.Large Variety Low Volume Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Chrome Multi-Arc Vacuum Planting Door Hinge PVD Coating Machine Manufacturer]

I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5.Free Sample! AC Power Contactor for Sale, 175-184[www.nbzkls.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Wholesale Interior Metal 3D Bee Garden Ornament Decoration]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PA System Loudspeaker 100W Outdoor Column Speaker . Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Factor Direct Adult Sex Toy Doll for Male Sex]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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