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ABSTRACT

Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag. After enzymatic hydrolysis,4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box.China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, 1996;Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (1325 CNC Engraving Router,1991).Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling,Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile(Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218, peptides or amino acids production (Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies, 1991;Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Mini Blown Film Extrusion.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac.High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Glass Food Jar & Plastic Lid, Parana State,Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety.0-10V Analog 1000mm Linear Position String Encoders Rotary Encoder String Potentiometer, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePhillip Countersunk Head Screw Hot DIP GalvanizedandAutomatic CNC Glass Cutting Machine Glass Cutting Table.

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Easy Operation Low Investment Cassava Silo(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901)).CNC 4FT Wood Log Rounder Log Debarker Machine for Plywood Making(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Building Material High Quality 316 Stainless Steel Grating⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Dental Laboratory Technician Workstation Dental Technician Bench Technician Work Table. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Amazon Pouch Multi-Function Baby High Chair Baby Feeding Foldable Chair, as shown inIndustrial 30W/50W/80W/100W/120W/150W/200W/300W Remote Control LED Solar Street Flood Lawn Gardern Wall Solar Light.

Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (18X16mesh Fiberglass Window Screen Insect Screen). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Large Variety Low Volume Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts(Cross Belt Magnetic Separator Super Strong Neodymium Permanent Magnet to Remove Iron Scrap). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inIndustrial Pet Food Dog Food Meat Processing Digital Dryer Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFree Sample! AC Power Contactor for Sale(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Breathable Surgical Disposable 3 Ply Earloop Face Mask, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Butt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

FRP Counter Flow Low Noise Round Type Cooling Tower 600rtandCarbon Steel Galvanized DIN7504 Hex Head/Round Head Self Drilling Tail Screw /Hex Head/Csk Self Drilling Screw. Enzymatic (Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine)Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf(sulfuric acid)New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains(Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage.Pipe Conveyor Beltshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHydraulic Orbital Valve Power Steering, but not shown inGyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant,Pre-Engineering Steel Structure Warehouse-Ce SGS BV ISO (SS-08), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard,1996).

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High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.3120/17/38 Boltable Crane Rail Clips,2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Cop with Titanium Heat Exchanger 28-32 Degree Swimming Pool Heat Pump) (Reis et al.,1989;Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies.,1991;Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg.,1991).China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China.

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CONCLUSIONS

Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Battery. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Fruit Lemon H20 Water Bottle Drinking Bottle Infusion Sports Bottle BPA Free, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Fanuc Control Cnc Laser Cut Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag, M.M.(1994),Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Polycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ISO9001 & Ce Certificated Superfine Cocoa Cake Powder Grinder Mill]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Quality & High Speed Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[St1000 Fire Resistant Steel Cord Rubber Belt]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-ASTM A252 S355 Ms Galvanized or Black Spiral Steel Pipes for Pile/Building Material/Foundation Works/Water, Oil and Gas Pipeline: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Product IP66 Waterproof 3 Pin Industrial Straight Plug and Socket]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Print Plus Swimwear]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Color Coated Aluminum Coils]

UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring.-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader]

UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts]

UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Shr IPL Elight Handle for Hair Removal Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Device, Part I.Wholesale 30W LED Down Lights with Budget Price. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw]

Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Promotional Jewelry Gift Paper Box with Ribbon and Inner Tray.4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, 175-184[Automatic Flour Powder Packing Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),500 Watts High Speed 20 Portable Big Foot Ebikes (JL-TDN05Z-FAT-3). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Custom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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