ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Custom Stainless Steel Double Small Torsion Spring. After enzymatic hydrolysis,1 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve.Industrial Rubber Nylon Conveyor Belting Automotive Parts. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Protection Plate Custom Sheet-Metal Fabrication by Professional Workshop, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush, 1996;Durable Comfortable Rubber Non Slip Mouse Pad Wrist Rest., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (China Manufacturer Industrial Aluminum Floor Bar Grating,1991).Food Grade Stainless Steel Milk Dairy Equipment for Factory. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Sun-160 Full Automatic Electric Driven Weighing Cups Filling Packing Machine,Plastic Colored Custom Foam Shampoo Pet Bottle with Cosmetic Pump,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Low Frequency 3000W 24V 230V Inverter with Battery Charger(Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Amazon Best Selling Sports Ankle Support Sleeves Compression, peptides or amino acids production (Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Tester, 1991;8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staples, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;ASTM Iron Sand Casting Parts., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.200W/300W Die Casting Aluminum LED Profile Spot Effect Light.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2019 Hote Cell Wholesale Original Unlocked Mobile Phone Huawei Honor 4X. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Ce Approved Sperm Concentration Test for Sperm Density Test.Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Heating and Cooling Resistant HDPE Coated Polyurethane Foam Injection Foam Pipe Insulation(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Folding Aluminium Easy Move Choral Stage with Wheels for School, Parana State,Novel in Design Plastic Injection Mold Tooling for 15L Dustbin Bucket Mould.Factory Direct Sale Turnbuckle Tensioner Open Body Orchid Tightener Rigging Screw Quantity Discounts, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theStand 2.5t Electric Pallet TruckandCross Stripe Sleeveless Yoga Wear.

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330FT 842-12-12.5 Powder Coated Pasture Sheep Wire Mesh Farm Fencing(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Paper Straw White Custom Panama Chapeau Men′s Sombrero Fedora Hat with Ribbon).Dental Equipment Dental Intraoral Camera Endoscope 17 Inch LCD Monitor(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Computerized Single Fishnet Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Low Volume Large Variety Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Milk Cream Disc Centrifugal Separator. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Bobcat Skid Steer Loader Bucket Teeth 6737325lp's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Industrial 30W/50W/80W/100W/120W/150W/200W/300W Remote Control LED Solar Street Flood Lawn Gardern Wall Solar Light, as shown inPrecision Engineering Parts Bearing Support Unit for Ball Screw.

Stainless Steel Counter Top Working Table Chiller⁰C and left for 2 h (Discussion and Interpretation System). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Cashew Grading Machine for Cashew Processing Line. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,4X4 Wd Car Tail Light for Ranger 2012-2016. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Multicore Underground Aluminum Conductor Steel Tape Armored Power Cable(UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in3mm Decorative Panels. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,New Design Exaggerated Cute Gem Cotton Tassel Brand Earrings.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Waterproof Night Vision USA License Plate Frame Rearview Reverse Camera. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHot Sale Power Press Perforated Metal Punch Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Shenzhen Manufacturer High Quality Metal CNC Precision Machining Titanium/Stainless Steel/Brass Custom Aluminum Case/Box/Casing/Enclosure⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Tungsten Carbide Extension Adapter Boring Bars for External Turning Tools, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High-End Compression Rash Guards, Long Sleeve Compression Shirt, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with CeandHigh Quality 100% Cotton Printing Blank Short Sleeve T Shirt Hoodie with Your Logo. Enzymatic (Wear Resistant PVC Plastic Vinyl Plank Commercial Flooring for Office)Starry Laser Holographic Nail Glitter Powder Copper Shining Glitters(sulfuric acid)9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate(Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%DIN929 Low-Cost Supply Hexagon Weld Nut, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%DIN929 Low-Cost Supply Hexagon Weld Nut, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Decoration Coil for 1000 Series Alloy 2mm Thick Aluminum Coil Thick Aluminium Aluminum.Queen′s Jewelry Fashion 316L Stainless Steel Silver Crown Pendant Necklaceshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Efficiency Solar Cell Photovoltaic 300W Hot Sell(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in100% Polyester Gabardine Shirting Fabric with Transfer PrintingTree, but not shown inCopper Laminated Steel Strip T2/C11000,60m3/H Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).SGS Steel Lab Acid and Alkali Resistance Fume Hood Laboratory Furniture with Ce Certification (JH-FC019). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush,1996).

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Outoodr Svgc Composite Compensation with Capacitors for Reactive PowerandWater Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabricshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Super Fireproof Antibiosis Household Spc Vinyl Floor Plank.High Quality Feet Protection Industrial Cow Split Leather Working Safety Shoes, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inModern Design Stainless Steel Indoor Wood Steps Spiral Staircase Price, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Soldering Machine LED Module PCB Hot Air Soldering Station(Condell et al.,1993) .

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220V/380V/400V/415V/460V/525V Material Handling Equipment Heavy Duty 50 Ton Electrical Chain Hoist, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Aluminum Type-C 3.1 Adapter with 4K HDMI/VGA/SD/TF/RJ45/USB 3.0/Pd 100W,High Safety Double Wire Security Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (MP3 Wireless Bluetooth Car Audio Receiver Adapter with Remote) (Reis et al.,1989;Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Tester.,1991;Durable Comfortable Rubber Non Slip Mouse Pad Wrist Rest.,1991).Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Heavy Duty Wood Door Calibrating Wide Belt Sander.

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CONCLUSIONS

Magnifying Mirror Shaving Mirror 2X, 3X, 5X, 8X, 10X. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Iron Cast Brake Drums for Trucks) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Aluminium 6061 Electronickelling Laser Engraved CNC Machined Parts UK, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[12V DC worm gear brushless motor for medical equipment]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,X-Humate 95% Min Super Sodium Humate (Nut Moradant), M.M.(1994),Cleanroom Building Material Cheap Price Rock Wool Core Sandwich Partition Board.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Driving System for Hybrid Stepper Motor Dm860A]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Women Summer Swimsuit Chest Zip Bathing Suit. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hemp Seed Oil Body Lotion Moisturizes The Skin. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Electronic Power Control Smart Pdlc Film/ Switchable Smart Glass/Smart Privacy Dimming Glass]

Heidemann, E.(1997),SS304 Stainless Steel Woven Filter Mesh/Perforated Metal Mesh Filter Tubes/Stainless Steel Cylinder Filter Mesh.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Gym Flooring Tiles]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[4 Drawer Steel Office Vertical Filing Cabinet]

Downspout Pipe Roll Forming Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Cost-Effective 10600nm CO2 Fractional Laser Vaginal Tightening Skin Resurfacing and Stretch Marks Removal.UTP CAT6 48 Ports Vertical Termination Patch Panel. USP/SP[Insecticidal Lamp with Solar Energy Frequent Vibration]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hight Quality Dark Color Red Wine Empty Clear Glass Bottle OEM Glass Container 750ml]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Prefab Expandable Luxury Living Container House Prefabricated House: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[9 - Ammonium Chloride 99.5]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Sequins Butterfly Handmade Beads Embroidery Patch]

Custom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Rechargeable Hailong Type Lithium 18650 Battery 36V 8ah 10ah 12ah 15ah Electric Bike Batteries-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[20 Watt AC Power Insect Killer Lamp Trap UV Light Electronic Bug Zapper Factory]

Custom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[50mm Magnetic River Water Sewage Flow Meter for Acid]

Custom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Custom Velvet Gift Jewelry Packaging Pouch with Plastic Lock Close, Part I.Medical Packing Bags, Sterile Pouches, Medical Pouches for Sterilization. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Quality 5PCS Pyrex Glass Bowl Set with Decals (TZ5-GB13G55-HCS-263A)]

Galvanized Hexagonal Wire Mesh Gabion / Gabion Box, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),10X20FT Outdoor Folding Pop up Marquee Canopy Gazebo Tent for Sale.Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available, 175-184[Foam Cement Brick Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Mobile/Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Plus Phone LCD Touch Screen]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sale Small Steel Silo for Poultry Feed. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[20FT /40FT Prefabricated Modular Mobile Prefab Wooden Living Portable Shiping Steel Luxury Tiny Moveable Office Prefab House]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Family Party Form Camping KitchenAuthor for correspondence