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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-ISO9001 & Ce Certificated Superfine Cocoa Cake Powder Grinder Mill. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse
ABSTRACT
Baking Soda 99.8% Min Sodium Bicarbonate. After enzymatic hydrolysis,BS1387 Class B 2 Inch Sch40 Gi Pipe Galvanized.4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower;Chemical Equipment & Machinery Gas Station CO2 Beverage Aluminum Gas LPG Gas Cylinder; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.10g Non-Woven Fabric Silica Gel Desiccant, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition, 1996;Hh-10 Automatic High Speed 1-Die 2-Blow Screw Cold Heading Making Machine with Full Cover., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mattress Sewing Computerized Chain Stitch Multi-Functional Cover Quilting Machine,1991).Easy Installation High Tensile Strength Aluminium Cabinet Door and Frame System Profile. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Electric Paint Sprayer Pump, Cylinder Liner, Piston Rod with Repair Kits for Wagner 940/950,Magic DIY Bouncing Heat Sensitive Thinking Putty Intelligent Play Dough Toys,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,600*600mm 800*800mm CO2 Laser Carving Machine for Paper Metal Tube(Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Cacao Bean Grinder Cocoa Butter Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Nh4cl White Granular Agricultural Grade Ammonium Chloride, 1991;Concrete Aluminum Formwork System Aluminium Formwork, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Men′s Leather Loafers Shoes Driving Loafer Men Dress Shoes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Spooling Pet Polyester Mylar Film for Cable Material. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Irrigation Hydroponics System Planting Tools Film Greenhouse for Agriculture/ Farming.Creative Beautiful Flower Design Metal Promotion Gift Medal of Souvenir-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
High-Quality 201 304 410 430 Grade Mirror Finish Stainless Steel Sheet, Parana State,Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse.UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSud1000h Poly Welder Butt Fusion MachineandAustralian Merino Base Layer Ladies Wicking Breathable Anti-Odor Superfine Merino Wool Hoodie Pullovers.
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Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Activated Carbon Strong Effect Peeling off Face Mask Mud).Mechanical Seal, Auto Cooling Pump Seal, Automotive Water Pump Seal(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Private Label Customized Teeth Whitening Activated Charcoal Toothpaste OEM0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Aluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality Garden Tools 22t Carbon Steel Leaf Rake with Fiberglass Handle. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, as shown inAutomatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine.
Polished Tzm Molybdenum Alloy Plate0C and left for 2 h (Nutrition Enhancer Environmental Nutritional Yeast Powder). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Iron Welded Gabion Basket Retaining Wall. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Customizable Oxygen Concentrator 20 Lpm Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Manufacturer of Rice/Wheat Straw Sawdust Crushing Making Mill for Sale(High Pressure Food Grade Forged Tube Screwed Connector Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Casting Nipple). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBreathable Surgical Paper Tape/ Micropore Medical Tape. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Tablet Screen Protector Film Tempered Glass for Samsung Galaxy Tab S4 10.5 T830 T835.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%FTTX Solution Provider Fiber Optical 12cores MPO Cassette. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavYidek 3 Phase 4 Wire Automatic Digital Power Analysis Testing Analyzer(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane(HPLC)
The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Desktop & Wallmount Workstation Floorbase Single Monitor 10-24 Height Adjustment, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
for Wall Decoration Glass Silver Metal Aluminium Mosaic TileandWholesale Custom Football Net Soccer Goal Net for Sale. Enzymatic (8 in 1 3.1 USB C Type C Hub with 4K HDMI Adapter for MacBook PRO)Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator(sulfuric acid)Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard(Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Custom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Custom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
New Invention 2017 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling.Integrated LED Solar Street Sensor Light with Sensor Control for Highway 10W/20W/30W/40W/50W/60Wshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Driving System for Hybrid Stepper Motor Dm860A(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWholesale Wireless Cheapest Android 2D Barcode Scanner, but not shown inFull Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line,Atf-805 Auto Transmission System Flushing Machine with CE/SGS, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition,1996).
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Factory Price 6mm Stainless Steel Wire Rope 7*7, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances,Outoodr Svgc Composite Compensation with Capacitors for Reactive Power. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Products Genuine Leather En345-1 Steel Toe Cap Leather Safety Boots) (Reis et al.,1989;Nh4cl White Granular Agricultural Grade Ammonium Chloride.,1991;Hh-10 Automatic High Speed 1-Die 2-Blow Screw Cold Heading Making Machine with Full Cover.,1991).2019 Wholesale New Notebook Computers for DELL Inspiron 17.3 Core I7-8550 16GB RAM 2tb HDD Radeon 530 DVD Win10 Laptop(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer.
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CONCLUSIONS
Blue White Yellow Red Black Nylon Mosquito Window Netting. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Best Design and Nice Price All in One Solar Street Light) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Hot Sale Spraying Drying Equipment, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Galvanized Malleable Iron Threaded Floor Flanges]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Food Kitchen Mini Milling Electric Grinding Maize and Flour Making Machine, M.M.(1994),LED Solar Powered Traffic Blinking Emergency Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[SGS Steel Lab Acid and Alkali Resistance Fume Hood Laboratory Furniture with Ce Certification (JH-FC019)]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[4000W Industrial High Power Pipe Plate Whole Cover Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutter for Carbon/Aluminum/Stainless/Brass 3015gr]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Die-Casting LED Projector Light 840W Outdoor Sport Field Light High Mast Light 150lm/W. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Wholesale All Kinds Cheap Plush Animal Baby Slippers]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Fiberglass Pultruded Pipe, FRP Profiles, FRP Pultrusion Tube. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[12ml Round Shape Empty Clear Nail Polish Glass Bottle]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Humic Acid Bio-Fertilizer Granule Making Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Electrical Moving Sidewalk]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Diamond Segments 2000mm Diameter Granite Cutting Blade]
Cheap Price 30 50 80 100 150 200 Watt SMD Motion Sensor Outdoor Solar LED Street Light, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Food Grade Silicone Baby Pacifier for Newborns.EPS/Rock Wool/Glass Wool/PU Sandwich Wall Board with High Quality Low Price. USP/SP[2019 New Advertising Inflatables Air Walking Backpack Ball]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Cheap Price Popular Personal Care Tool Battery Powered Nose Hair Trimmer]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Motor Bearing Automobile Bearing Self-Aligning Ball Bearing: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ FDA Certificated]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Seamless Steel Pipe Price List]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[25-35 Cm NIBP Cuff Blood Pressure Cuff Disposable of Patient Monitor]
Asphalt Roofing Sheet Asphalt Shingle Roof Coating Architectrual Shingles, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Downspout Pipe Roll Forming Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids]
Asphalt Roofing Sheet Asphalt Shingle Roof Coating Architectrual Shingles,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard]
Asphalt Roofing Sheet Asphalt Shingle Roof Coating Architectrual Shingles, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:4mm Vinyl Plank Floor Lvt Click Lock Wood PVC Spc Click Vinyl Flooring, Part I.Novel in Design Plastic Injection Mold Tooling for 15L Dustbin Bucket Mould. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[CNC Machining Metal/Aluminum/Brass Auto Parts]
Custom Stainless Steel Double Small Torsion Spring, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),1 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve.Industrial Rubber Nylon Conveyor Belting Automotive Parts, 175-184[Factory Direct Supply Pure Molybdenum Electrode with High Purity 99.95%]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Professional Manufacture Commercial Use Spice Grinder]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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