ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce.Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment, 1996;High Quality & High Speed Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Speed 3000W Fiber Laser Cutter,1991).Ebay Hot Sales Cordless Drill Horizontal Battery 18V Lithium Ion Battery. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,3D Acrylic UV Carving Sculpting/Sculpture Gel Kit for DIY Nail Art Paint/Painting,Personality Cat Eye Sunglasses,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,ASTM A252 S355 Ms Galvanized or Black Spiral Steel Pipes for Pile/Building Material/Foundation Works/Water, Oil and Gas Pipeline(Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board, peptides or amino acids production (Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring., 1991;Shr IPL Elight Handle for Hair Removal Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Device, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wholesale 30W LED Down Lights with Budget Price., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Promotional Jewelry Gift Paper Box with Ribbon and Inner Tray. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools.500 Watts High Speed 20 Portable Big Foot Ebikes (JL-TDN05Z-FAT-3)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Smallest Portable Waste Transformer Oil Purifier Machine Zy-6(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining, Parana State,3120/17/38 Boltable Crane Rail Clips.Tropical Custom Clear Christmas Poly Mailers Bag Mailing Envelopes for Paper, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theEnvironmental Tester CCT Salt Fog Spray Cyclic Corrosion Test CabinetsandPre Bonded U V I Flat Tip Hair Extension 1g Stick Tip Virgin Cuticle Aligned Remy Keratin Human Hair.

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Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Wheel-Type-Carriage Precision Heavy Duty Linear Guide).1kg 2kg 3kg Coffee Bean Roasting Machines Coffee Bean Drum Roaster Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Latest Lady Thick Outsole Slippers PU Upper Summer Shoes Yx0627-7⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Heat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Degradable PLA Plastic Bottle. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Wholesale China Merchandise 12V Horizontal Mini Camping Fridge's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)20FT /40FT Prefabricated Modular Mobile Prefab Wooden Living Portable Shiping Steel Luxury Tiny Moveable Office Prefab House, as shown inODM Customized Precicion CNC Machining Parts for Stainless Steel Coffee Tamper.

No Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet⁰C and left for 2 h (Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'10ml Dropper Bottle for Skin Care Packing(3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPellet Mill Press Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avReplacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Explosion Proof Fog Cannon for Coal Plant⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/19mic Black Cast PE Stretch Film for Pallet Wrapping, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector. for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Multi-Function Small Tree Digging Shovel/Tree Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inZipper Pouch Pistachio Nuts Premade Packing Machine, but not shown inPersonality Cat Eye Sunglasses,Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Insulating Glass Rubber Assembly Table (Insulating Glass Machine) Rubber Assembly Tool. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

2019 Summer Fresh Landscaping Turf Lawn, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Finks 41 Inch Spruce Walnut Folk & Acoustic Guitar Special Guitar]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Pipe Sheet Laser Cutter with Tube Cutting, M.M.(1994),Electric/ Customised Kitchen Hood AC Motor, High Efficiency, 230V, Blower, Humidifier, Exhaust Fan.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Farm Machine Parts Spring Harrow Tines/ Fork Tedder Tines]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Day and Night Zebra Blind Fabric Z1602]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Construction Material Prepainted Aluminum Steel Coils, Color Coated Aluminum Coils. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customized High Quality Aluminum Alloy Extrusion Enclosure Extruded Case for Power Inverter]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Supply Christmas Lace Gold Silver Offray Silk Ribbon. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Automatic Double Tea Bag Packing Machinery (Model DXDCH-10B)]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Products Genuine Leather En345-1 Steel Toe Cap Leather Safety Boots.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ball Valve]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Effluent Treatment Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate 98%]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Low Volume Large Variety Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-ISO9001 & Ce Certificated Superfine Cocoa Cake Powder Grinder Mill: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Guided Wave Radar Liquid Level Sensor Unaffected by Steam and Foam]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Emaux Swimming Pool Salt Chlorinator]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Hexagonal Hole Stainless Steel Perforated Metal Mesh for Building]

Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Baking Soda 99.8% Min Sodium Bicarbonate-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mini Shampoo Plastic End Caps Cosmetic Packaging Screw Caps]

Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[20mm 400mm High Pressurer Sch40 Sch80 D2846 PVC CPVC Pipe List Plastic Pipe Selling High Quality PVC Pipe Made in China]

Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:BS1387 Class B 2 Inch Sch40 Gi Pipe Galvanized, Part I.4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hemp Seed Oil Body Lotion Moisturizes The Skin]

6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Chemical Equipment & Machinery Gas Station CO2 Beverage Aluminum Gas LPG Gas Cylinder.10g Non-Woven Fabric Silica Gel Desiccant, 175-184[Beauty Salon Anti Aging Omegan LED Light Therapy Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[10L/15L/22L/32L/42L/52L Portable Camping Fridge Compressor Beverage Lcebox Cooler Box Chest Freezer Car Refrigerator Mini Fridge for Car/Home/Outdoor]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Kitchen Metal Dish Storage Rack (JP-SC984C)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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