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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High-Quality 201 304 410 430 Grade Mirror Finish Stainless Steel Sheet. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System)
ABSTRACT
Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Mechanical Seal, Auto Cooling Pump Seal, Automotive Water Pump Seal.Private Label Customized Teeth Whitening Activated Charcoal Toothpaste OEM. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Aluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts;High Quality Garden Tools 22t Carbon Steel Leaf Rake with Fiberglass Handle; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, 1996;Polished Tzm Molybdenum Alloy Plate., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Iron Welded Gabion Basket Retaining Wall,1991).Customizable Oxygen Concentrator 20 Lpm Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Manufacturer of Rice/Wheat Straw Sawdust Crushing Making Mill for Sale,Tablet Screen Protector Film Tempered Glass for Samsung Galaxy Tab S4 10.5 T830 T835,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,FTTX Solution Provider Fiber Optical 12cores MPO Cassette(Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Yidek 3 Phase 4 Wire Automatic Digital Power Analysis Testing Analyzer, peptides or amino acids production (Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane, 1991;Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Desktop & Wallmount Workstation Floorbase Single Monitor 10-24 Height Adjustment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wholesale Custom Football Net Soccer Goal Net for Sale. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 108 in 1 3.1 USB C Type C Hub with 4K HDMI Adapter for MacBook PRO.Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material, Parana State,UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System).Snf-B/Fdn-B/ Sodium Naphthalene Formaldehyde/ Water Reducing Admixture, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the3.7kw Air Compressor Parts Oil Free Scroll Compressor HeadsandFlexible Board FPC PCB Camera Module Rigid Flex PCB.
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Food Package Aluminum Foil Tray Making Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price).Business Class Eyeshade Quality Travel Eye Mask Sleeping Eye Cover(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Factory Price 6mm Stainless Steel Wire Rope 7*70C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Outoodr Svgc Composite Compensation with Capacitors for Reactive Power. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2019 Wholesale New Notebook Computers for DELL Inspiron 17.3 Core I7-8550 16GB RAM 2tb HDD Radeon 530 DVD Win10 Laptop's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer, as shown inExfoliating Shower Hemp Bath Sponge Pad.
Blue White Yellow Red Black Nylon Mosquito Window Netting0C and left for 2 h (Sunway 48V Solar Panel 500W 490W 460W Manufacturer China Whole Sell). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Sale Spraying Drying Equipment. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Food Kitchen Mini Milling Electric Grinding Maize and Flour Making Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'LED Solar Powered Traffic Blinking Emergency Light(Teaching Equipment Laminar Flow Visualization Unit Fluid Mechanics Lab Equipment Vocational Training Equipment). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inKh Series Kh1228 Adjustment Linear Bearing. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Die-Casting LED Projector Light 840W Outdoor Sport Field Light High Mast Light 150lm/W.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Fiberglass Pultruded Pipe, FRP Profiles, FRP Pultrusion Tube. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHumic Acid Bio-Fertilizer Granule Making Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.EPS/Rock Wool/Glass Wool/PU Sandwich Wall Board with High Quality Low Price0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Motor Bearing Automobile Bearing Self-Aligning Ball Bearing, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Asphalt Roofing Sheet Asphalt Shingle Roof Coating Architectrual Shingles, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Glass Lined Reactor for Chemical FactoryandDownspout Pipe Roll Forming Machine. Enzymatic (4mm Vinyl Plank Floor Lvt Click Lock Wood PVC Spc Click Vinyl Flooring)Novel in Design Plastic Injection Mold Tooling for 15L Dustbin Bucket Mould(sulfuric acid)Custom Stainless Steel Double Small Torsion Spring(Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%1 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%1 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Industrial Rubber Nylon Conveyor Belting Automotive Parts.2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decorationshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inQuality Assurance 6000W Inverter for Solar Panel 5kw/6kw Power Inverter, but not shown inGood Quality Xanthan Gum Application of Food with Best Price,Small Leather Shoes Craft Laser Cutting Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Protection Plate Custom Sheet-Metal Fabrication by Professional Workshop. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve,1996).
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JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25and100% Cotton Baby Pajamas Short Sleeves Top Printed Pants Children Wears Baby Wears Sleep Wearsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush.Durable Comfortable Rubber Non Slip Mouse Pad Wrist Rest, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHigh Strength Rigid PVC Plastic Foam Board for FRP, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.China Manufacturer Industrial Aluminum Floor Bar Grating(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Tester. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Driving System for Hybrid Stepper Motor Dm860A) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staples, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[EXAR]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,ASTM Iron Sand Casting Parts, M.M.(1994),200W/300W Die Casting Aluminum LED Profile Spot Effect Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Water Treatment Anthracite]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Fcy30 Transport Mini Tipping Dumper]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-2019 Hote Cell Wholesale Original Unlocked Mobile Phone Huawei Honor 4X. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Stationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Ce Approved Sperm Concentration Test for Sperm Density Test. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Threaded Stainless Steel Motorized Electric Floating 3PC Ball Valve]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Car Horn Antenna]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Customized Detachable Grid Logistics Storage Industrial Racking Systems]
Customized Large Ss Stamping/ Bending Sheet Metal Parts, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Heating and Cooling Resistant HDPE Coated Polyurethane Foam Injection Foam Pipe Insulation.Sand Casting Parts Large Size for Industrial Use. USP/SP[Full Auto Six-Shaft BOPP/OPP Adhesive Tape/Scotch Tape/Gummed Tape/Foam Tape Slitting Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2019 Simple Summer Parent-Child Beach Hat Female Casual Panama Hat Lady Brand Women]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Durable Steel Retainer Plastic Road Safety Trench Cover: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Tonva New Design Water Pipe Making Extrusion Blow/Blowing Molding Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.hhomedecor.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler]
Iron Cast Brake Drums for Trucks, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Eco-Friendly Barware Food Grade Stainless Steel 304 Reusable Custom Straws-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Good Price Gi/PPGI Roofing Sheet in China]
Iron Cast Brake Drums for Trucks,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Cheap]
Iron Cast Brake Drums for Trucks, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Folding Aluminium Easy Move Choral Stage with Wheels for School, Part I.Factory Direct Sale Turnbuckle Tensioner Open Body Orchid Tightener Rigging Screw Quantity Discounts. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[China Sell Fixed TV Monitor Bracket LCD Wall Mount (CT-PLB-113VBX)]
330FT 842-12-12.5 Powder Coated Pasture Sheep Wire Mesh Farm Fencing, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Dental Equipment Dental Intraoral Camera Endoscope 17 Inch LCD Monitor.Computerized Single Fishnet Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine, 175-184[Stainless Scrubber]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[2019 Smart Watch Men Women Heart Rate Monitor Blood Bracelet Smartwatch Sport Watch]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Low Volume Large Variety Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Q32 Series Tumble Belt/Crawler Shot Blasting Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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