ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade. After enzymatic hydrolysis,UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen.Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand;CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), 1996;2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator,1991).High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit,Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence(Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe, peptides or amino acids production (Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting, 1991;Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet.Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:LED UV Portable Toothbrush Sterilizer(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil, Parana State,AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe.Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theRustic Burnt Wood Coffee Mug Hanging Rack with 8 HooksandReflective Tape for Vehicle Reflective Markings (tape-02).

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Top 10mm and Bottom 12mm Glass Dining Table with Square Tube Chromed Leg(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Microfiber Polyester Twill 150d Textile for Apron Garment Cushions Baby Trolley).En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%LED Assembly Wave Soldering Machine Price, SMT Machine Wave Soldering⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PE Jacket Sm G652D 12 Fibers Armored Fiber Optic Cable⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Original Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China OEM Customized Household Appliance Fan Molding Humidifier Plastic Injection Mold Mould Maker, as shown inDelphi Control Valve 28239295 (622B).

Stainless Steel Fruit Seed Extractor Fruit Seed Remove Machine Passion Fruit Pulping Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (High Speed Auto Corrugated Carton Box Paperboard Production Line). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Best Price Aluminium Sulphate for Water Treatment. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hot Sale Loading Truck with Cummins Engine(Solar DC Water Pump). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inwww.pulpmask.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%50kg Soya Bean Seed PP Woven Bags Sacks. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avIron Wire Dry Type Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Barricade Tape⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Safety Traffic Rubber Roof Support Feet ProductsandAir Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L). Enzymatic (Oral Thermometer)Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS)(sulfuric acid)Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes(Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure.300dx300d 100%Polyester Dobby Plaid Mini Matt Fabric for Shoulders Bagshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Aluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in2194230012 for Mercedes Benz Auto Spare Parts Brake Disc, but not shown inReverse Flow Configuration Axial Fan,Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620),1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Factory Industrial Fast Digital Glass Ceramic Tile Plastic Aluminum Flatbed UV Printer. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (10in 1500lb Pressure Seal Forged Steel Swing Check Valve) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[15 Bbl Fermenter Factory OEM/ODM Products]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Good Quality Banded Type Tee, M.M.(1994),Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[50Hz/60Hz Low Frequency Home Power Inverter 5000W]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Erikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Besen Portable EV Fast Charger  with Schuko Plug]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Bianco Carrara Marble, Italy White Stone Marble for Slabs, Tiles. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Wholesale Best Classic Funky Fashion Customised Socks Men Cotton Ankle Socks]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels..Leder 48,(5),99-104[Plastic Sign Letters Factory & Manufacturer]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[FM1108 Chip Bulk Blank Magnetic Stripe RFID PVC Cards]

Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),FKM Rubber Gasket/Rubber O Rings in China.Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier. USP/SP[Industrial Sausage Meat Smoker Oven/Smokerhouse Oven]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Various Bridge NdFeB Motor Magnets with High Performance]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Programmable Salt Spray Test Chamber for Corrosion Testing/Test]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[2 Core Shielded Twisted Pair Cable Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Rotor Disc Brake Pad Repair Kit for Wva 29087/29202/29253/29279]

Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fine 36 Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit for Fine 36 Hydraulic Hammer Seal Kit Fine 36 Breaker Seal Kit-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Laser Cutting Machine for Sale for Die Shops From Yitai Die Making]

Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Ce Wood Grain 0.2mm~0.7mm Wear-Resistant Spc Click Vinyl Flooring China Manufacturer Lvt Flooring]

Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:5mm Spc Vinyl Planks Click Lock Floor PVC Plastic Laminate Flooring, Part I.Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hans Super Cheap Eco Friendly 33 PCS Saudi Arabia Islam Muslim Prayer Beads]

Rimmed 1 2 5 10 15 20 25 Micron Circular Stainless Steel Filter Disc , J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Manufacturer Export Copper Foot Tap/Valve (HFV-001).Carburetor Adjusting Tool Kit Screwdriver Chainsaw for Poulan Husqvarna Zama Walbro, 175-184[Substation 500kva]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[From Chongqing by Great Manufacturer Excellent Extrusion and Stamping Die]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PVC Corrugated or Smooth Surface Helix Suction Water Hose. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Stainless Steel Expanded Mesh]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Diamond Circular Tct Saw Blade for Cutting Wood/Marble Stone/MetalAuthor for correspondence