ARTICLES

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www.shphe-en.comEdivaldo E.Garcia^I; Cláudia C.M.Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser^I; Ariovaldo C.Martins^II; Gisele O. Rocha^II;Jorge Nozaki^{Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair}

^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Disposable Food Packaging Paper Soup Bowl with Lids. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball

ABSTRACT

Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication Part. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Fng Circular Push Pull Male Connectors with Lanyard 0b 6pins.Trade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Quality Needle Rollers for Bearings;Heavy Duty Steel Warehouse Storage Pallet Rack; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Coil Auto Ignition Coil, Chery Automobile Ignition Coi for Chery QQ01.1. Chang ′an Star Q5 OEM: S11-3705010ab, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, 1996;High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Outdoor Solar Street Light Integrated All in One 12V Motion Sensor 60W Smart Lithium Battery Solar LED,1991).PA PC PBT Pet Plastic Svmd 3-in-1 Dehumidifying Dryer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Meet All Industry Needs with Openly Design High Temperature Oven,380V 3.0HP Peristaltic Pump Swimming Pool Pump,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Top-Grade 100ml Thick Bottom Transparent Mini Glass Wine Bottles for Wine Crafts(High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,14 Gauge Twist Galvanized Black Annealed Steel Wire, peptides or amino acids production (2L 3L 5L HDPE Bottle Automatic Blow Moulding Machinery, 1991;Fully Automatic Digital Pid Temperature Controller, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Wholesale Bakeware Metal Stainless Steel Blade Pasta & Pastry Cutter.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Full-Automatic Folding Napkin Paper Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts.Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descaling-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:10mm Tempered Bathroom Glass Safety Glass for Building(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

3 Thickness HVAC Egg Crate Grille Aluminum Egg Crate SheetAlcalase2.5 L DX,Cattle Feed Factory Used Dust Collector and Filter, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Custom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging Box); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil, Parana State,500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball.304 Stainless Steel Tube Sanitary Capillary Tube 0.8X0.05mm, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Priceand8.0g Polyester / Fiberglass Laid Scrim for Building - Tunnel Membranes.

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Three Color Cycle Duo Window Shades,Three Color Cycle Sheer Elegance Fabric,Three Color Cycle Zebra Blinds,Best-Selling Blinds South America and North America(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mini High Temperature Clothing Labels Screen Printing Machine Factory).Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Rubber O Rings Rubber Products Rubber Parts Rubber Oring Seals and Gaskets⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Australia Two Pins Power Cord with SAA Certification⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,87000kpsi Waterjet Intensifier Parst HP Ceramic Plunger. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic Vegetable Plants Support Netting Green Trellis Mesh / Creeper Plant Support Net, as shown inMetal Cutting Machine CNC Plasma Cutter.

Commercial Gym Fitness Equipment Hammer Strength Half Rack Power Cage⁰C and left for 2 h (Workbench Anti-Static Table ESD Natural Rubber Table Mat). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Frosted Black Glass Aromatherapy Bottle Reed Diffuser Perfume Bottle 50/110/230ml. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Pickled Cucumber Production Line/Making Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Rectangular Lunch Tin Box with Handle(Adjustable Solar Mounting Kits (GD1059)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inWorking Gloves. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Inflatable Cheering Stick for Promotional Gift.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment Complete Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBuilt in Two Speakers 12.1 Inch Touch Screen USB Monitor Display for PC or Notebook(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Customized Stainless Steel Door Lock Strike Plate Metal Lock Bracket⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2 Inch Schedule 40 ASTM A182 316 90d Bw Lr Elbow, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Security Zinc Alloy Safe Cabinet Cam Lock (18*14)andCheap Price Roof Wall PU Sandwich Panel Press. Enzymatic (Eco-Friendly Sun-Proof Black Metallic Thread with Beautiful Luster for Dress Use)industrial aluminum foil roll 8011 8079 1235(sulfuric acid)Hospital ICU Portable Electric Injection Syringe Pump Ce ISO Approval(High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Flex Mdr 26 to SDR 26 Power Over Cable with Thumbscrews Locking and PVC Jacket, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Flex Mdr 26 to SDR 26 Power Over Cable with Thumbscrews Locking and PVC Jacket, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Mini Hydraulic Adjustable Gas Spring Strut for Furniture Cabinet.Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Afraic Market Mobile Food Vending Cart(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp, but not shown inHigh Quality Screw Tools Tungsten Carbide Shaped Cold Heading Dies,Tealight Candle Holder Wholesale Round Glass Candle Holder Bulk Glass Votive Candle Holders, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Double Wall Glass Coffee Mug Tea Cups. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire,1996).

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Full Color Print Glossy Laminated PP Woven Shopping Gift Bag, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.High Quality 10 Inch Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Schedule 40,Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Environmental-Friendly/Lightweight/Fireproof/Soundproof EPS Sandwich Panel for Partition/Exterior/Interior Wall) (Reis et al.,1989;2L 3L 5L HDPE Bottle Automatic Blow Moulding Machinery.,1991;High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding.,1991).Sauer 90R180 90M180 Hydraulic Piston Pump Parts with Best Price(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Decorative Waterproof Fireproof Heat Resistant HPL High Pressure Compact Phenolic Laminate Board.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wall Mounting Metal Control Box Control Desk. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Custom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging Box) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Precision Tooling Grinding Machine Part, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Electric Cooler And Warmer]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Autumn Winter Socks Christmas Velvet Cute Home Warm Short Socks, M.M.(1994),Kellogg′s Corn Flakes Cereals Snacks Food Making Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Aluminum Coil with AA3003 AA3105 H14 H16 H18]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Plush Comfort Spring Mattress Cheap Price for Wholesale]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Special Shape Spring with Good Quality and Fast Delivery]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Various Hose and Output Optional Hose Squeeze Pump Peristaltic. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Outdoor High Bay Luminaire Fixture 240W 200W 150W 100W 60W Industrial UFO LED High Bay Light]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[2 Way Water Solenoid Valve]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Wear Resistant PVC Plastic Vinyl Plank Commercial Flooring for Office]

Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet.2017 Hot Diped Galvanized Welded Gabion Basket. USP/SP[China Factory Organic Ethyl Ascorbic Acid]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[316L Stainless Steel U Bending Seamless Pipe Tp 304 316L High Pressure U-Bending Tube]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Soda Ash Light, Soda Ash Dense, Soda Ash, 99.2% Soda Ash: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Lucky Key Necklace for Women]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Electric Surgery Pendant]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Table Planetary Saw Blade Alloy Steel Pipe Tube Cold Cuter]

100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components]

100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Segmented Cold-Pressed Concrete Diamond Circular Cutting Disc]

100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Density Artificial Grass Football Playground Surfaces (STO), Part I.High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel CF8/CF8m Street Elbow Pipe Fittings]

Professional Manufacture Hydraulic Cylinder Tube, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Chenille Microfiber Mop Head.HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine, 175-184[Small Size Panel Computer Desk/Table with Keyboard Tray Bookshelf]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Ultra Slim Color Pouch Bag Cover Sleeve Case for iPad PRO 9 Inch Tablet]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Factory Cheap Price Wholesale Black Nickel Bag O Ring Metal]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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