ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser.Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond, 1996;750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004,1991).Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder,Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather(Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, peptides or amino acids production (Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention, 1991;Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue.10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Watermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe.Mini Freeze Dryer for Saleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Freqency PCB with Blind Via(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle, but not shown inWholesale Long Lasting Custom Private Label Glitter Lip Gloss,Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond,1996).

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Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Acrylic Sew-on Mirrors, Mirror Acrylic Sew-on Pieces, Sew on Acrylic Mirrors Crystal Flat Back Mirror Beads for Mirror Costume,4.2A Type a Type C Pd QC3.0 USB Charger. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap) (Reis et al.,1989;Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention.,1991;750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle..,1991).Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate 30%Min Factory Wholesale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Small Portable Scooters Folding Electric Scooters for Adults.

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CONCLUSIONS

Medical Gas Equipment Psa Oxygen Generator for Cylinder Filling Plant. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (2.5X/3.5X Glasses Clip Dental Loupes Binocular Surgical Loupe Lab Medical Magnifier) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

DC Power Supply 80A From Three Phase Input to DC Output Battery Charging Cabinet, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cartoon Panda Kids Trucker Cap]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Pet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle, M.M.(1994),Most Popular Split Pressurized Flat Panel Solar Water Heater.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fancy Custom Design Soft Enamel Sports Basketball Medal with Glitter]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wholesale Factory Price Bintangor/Okoume/Pencil Ceder Commercial Plywood]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Pulse Output Vortex Flow Meter with Flanged Connection Wate Meter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Promotional Multi-Function CO2 CNC Control Table Laser Cutter Engraving Supplier]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Cosmetics Facial Cream Toothpaste Tube Filling Sealing Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Alumina Spheres Ceramic Inert Balls as Catalyst Support/Covering]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Customized Logo Eco-Friendly Orange Cotton Shoulder Shopping Bag.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Quilt]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Galvanized Steel Grating for Metallurgy]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate 70%/AES SLES 68585-34-2]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Bosch Alternator 0124515010 Sg12b015 Lester: 13853, 13942, 13947: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Gold Finger With Soldermask]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Color Powder Coated European Standard Aluminum Curtain Rail Rod Pole]

RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Bathroom Makeup LED Mirror Glass with Light]

RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women]

RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module, Part I.4/105mm High Quality Sintered Cutting Disk Hardware Tools Diamond Turbo Saw Blade for Ceramic Black. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Good Quality Custom Car Power Window Cable for Ford Car]

460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Products Suppliers Camlock Coupling Quick Couplings Female.Emsco F-1000 6-1/26-3/4I64hl14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest, 175-184[Ceo Chair Office]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[5 in 1 Hydra Facial Peeling Micro Dermabrasion Skin Care Skin Whitening Multifunction Beauty Equipment]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),3.2m Vertical Wheelchair Elevator Platform for Sale. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Dyed Colored Sand]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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