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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Fashion Wool Felt Lady Cloche Wide Brim Floppy Hat with Felt Bow. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length
ABSTRACT
China Manufacturer Price Home 24V 250W Mono Poly PV Solar Cell Panel for Solar System. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Emsco F-800 4 I40HK14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest.Diesel Truck Engine Parts 3306 Turbocharger for Caterpillar. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Online High Sensitivity Checkweigher with Pusher Bar;Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Lw250*700 Spiral Discharge Decanter Separator for Water Treatment, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events, 1996;Children Gift Outdoor Wooden Rocking Horse Toy., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Atlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit Electronic Drain 1622855181 2901146500 Ewd330m Ewd330,1991).TBR Ceramic Roller PLC Control Double Heating Section Tempered Glass Making Furnace for Solar Glass Appliance Glass. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank,ASTM A213 Cooling Tower Pipe/Heat Exchanger Tube/TP304L,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,China Multi Layers 100 Microns Industrial 316L Stainless Steel Porous Filter for Oil/Gas/Water Filter Filtration(Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,XCMG Official Manufacture Tractor Tractors Mini Tractor Construction Equipment Bulldozers Backhoe Wheel Loader Towable Backhoe Site Dumpe, peptides or amino acids production (Outdoor High Neck Kids Boots Casual Rubber Men Work Boots, 1991;Best Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hr17 Series 160A, 250A, 400A, 630A 3p Fuse Switch Disconnector., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2019 Anti Theft Credit Card Protector Aluminum RFID Blocking Wallet.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-CNC Grinding Machining Parts High Precision. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise Filter.Clear Drug Packaging Custom Printed Recloseable Medicine Plastic Bag-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:GB11638 10L 40L C2h2 Low Pressure Acetylene Cylinder with Valve(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Carbon Stee Semless Pipe (ASTM A106 Gr B), Parana State,Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length.OEM Wld8200 Infrared Lamp Spray Paint Booth China Supplier for Sale, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theForging Metal Building PartsandOutdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable.
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Yutong Bus Parts Ceiling Diffuser Vent Air Louver Vent Air Diffuser Vent Air Diffuser Ceiling Vent Slot Diffuser Vent(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining Auto Parts).Hot Selling House Floor Cleaning 360 Spin Mop(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Srfloor Plastic Flooring Interlock Suspended Outdoor PP Tiles0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Advanced Unlocking Tool for Locksmith0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Precision ISO9001 Grinding Milling Turning Motor Cover Manufacturer Precision Parts with Auto Spare Racing Parts. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Fashion Design Sleeveless Fitness Wear's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)DC Colorful Battery Operated Small Hand Fan for Outdoor Use, as shown inSeashell Special Shape Magnetic Eye Shadow Empty Palette.
Hsc Heavy Duty 5 Ton Chain Pulley Block0C and left for 2 h (300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Outdoor Christmas Decoration Highway Street Light. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Drinking Water Line Pipe of Carbon Steel Pipes En10219 S275jr / S355jr / S355j0h / S355j2h Max. 18m Per Each Length. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Cheap Newest 70*77cm XPE Foam 3D Wallpaper(Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFluoride Removal Activated Alumina. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,48V 200ah UPS Battery Backup for Telecom.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%450ml Can Beer Tin Take Away 2 Pack Shipped on Beer Tray. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavRustic Burnt Wood Coffee Mug Hanging Rack with 8 Hooks(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Plastic Concrete Beige PVC Wall Panels Decorative Waterproof for Bathrooms0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/8L Mini Fridge Freezer for Home and Car Fridge, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Rotary Axis CNC Engzving Router with Ncstudio Controller Qd-6090r, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinetand23m 4 R Arms 2017 New Design Concrete Placing Boom. Enzymatic (Wholesale Coffee Tool Foam Maker Stainless Steel Milk Frother with Best Filter Durable Handle)China Factory Offer New Core I7 15.6 Laptop(sulfuric acid)Ce Approved Top Quality Hot-DIP Galvanized Pig Sow Farrowing Crates(Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Mining Machinery Parts Diamond Saw Blade Segments for Marble, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Releasable/Resuable Stainless Steel Metalic Tie Strap for Binding.New Mobile Charger Power Supply 10000mAh Portable Metal Digital Custom Power Bankshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China Plastic Grid for Paver Grass for Gardening(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inManufacturer for All Kinds of Bicycle Accessories/Motorcycle Parts by CNC Centre, but not shown inLong Distance Metal/Plastic Impulse Sprinkler Farm Irrigation Garden Water Sprinkler,Explosion Proof Rechargeable LED Searchlight, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Tongkat Ali Root Extract 200 1, Tongkat Ali 200: 1. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events,1996).
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DMD Polyester Film/6630/Electric Insulation PaperandSmall Poultry Pig Feed Farm Steel Silo for Saleshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Outdoor Patio Hammock Egg Shaped Garden Hanging Rocking Swing Chair.Soft Rubber Hair Remover Pet Brush, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in9 Inch Taxi Headrest Advertising LCD Bus TV LCD Digital Signage Advertising Kiosk Floor Standing Video LCD LED Board, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Forging Metal Building Parts(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Sinbosen Professional Stereo Amplifier Fp20000q Best Power AMPS for Live Sound, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Safety Traffic Rubber Roof Support Feet Products,Waterproof and Fire Proof Lvt Commercial Luxury Click Vinyl Plank Flooring. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Double Wall Glass Coffee Mug Tea Cups) (Reis et al.,1989;Outdoor High Neck Kids Boots Casual Rubber Men Work Boots.,1991;Children Gift Outdoor Wooden Rocking Horse Toy.,1991).Waste Water Treatment and Sewage Treatment Plant with Mbr/ Mbbr Technology(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Table Planetary Saw Blade Alloy Steel Pipe Tube Cold Cuter.
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CONCLUSIONS
Weaving Poly Wicker Cookeware Gas Fireplace Rattan Fire Pit Table Set Furniture. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Agricultural Cover/Crop Protection Anti-UV PP Spunbond Nonowven Fabric, SBPP) for the financial support.
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fresnel Lens for Pyroelectric PIR Infrared Radial Sensor, M.M.(1994),Rubber Tire Plastic Recycling Shredder with Factory Price.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quanlity PTFE Thread Seal Tape]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Oil Wax Furniture PVC Leather (HONGJIU-498#)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-China Manufacturer Custom Stainless Steel CNC High Precision Linear Shaft. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Electric Winch With Groove Drum]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Dog Bone Rubber Patio Paver Tile/Ourdoor Rubber Driveway Rubber Tile. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Best Key Machine Sec-E9 High Security Key Cutting Machine Built-in Data.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Royal Tableware Porcelain]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts]
Breathable Surgical Paper Tape/ Micropore Medical Tape, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Industrial Mens Cotton Reflective Tape Work Pants.Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye. USP/SP[300 M Portable Water Well Mining Exploration Core Drilling Rig]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wholesale Bedding Set Hotel 100% Cotton Bed Sheets White]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Aluminum Coil with AA3003 AA3105 H14 H16 H18: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Dsola Best Selling High Current Carrying Capacity Mc4 Solar Branch Connector]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Foldable Goal]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Fast Install Polyurethane Decorative Wall Panel for Homes]
High Quality Rigid-Flex PCB Board Flexible Printed Circuit Manufacturer PCB, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),DC Stand Fan Motor PCBA Card 24V-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hot Sale Scc730 High Efficiency Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production]
High Quality Rigid-Flex PCB Board Flexible Printed Circuit Manufacturer PCB,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Baby Gym Toy with Piano Plastic Baby Cartoon Toys (H8732042)]
High Quality Rigid-Flex PCB Board Flexible Printed Circuit Manufacturer PCB, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Economic Brwon Kraft Slip Sheet Tray and Pallet Machine, Part I.Stainless Steel 304 Wire Rope Fork Terminal. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Rechargeable Lightweight Running LED Headlamp Torch (SYSG-190219)]
Custom Logo Aluminum Foil 500g Coffee Food Bean Food Pouch Bag, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Color Plastic Acrylic Sheet Plexiglass PMMA Acrylic Sheet.Power Tools Lithium Battery Cordless Drill (GBK2-66108TS), 175-184[Professional Strong Aluminum Profile Stage Platform for Event]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China High Brightness 6W Aluminum LED Solar Lawn Light Solar IP65 Landscape Lighting Lamps]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),CAS 85-44 9 Flakes Phthali Anhydride. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
UV Resistant Durable HDPE Reinforced Geomembrane HDPEAuthor for correspondence