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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant

ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Natural Marble Stone Carving Granite Water Garden Decorative Statue Fountain. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Waterproof LED Flash Shoe Light Crystal Epoxy Resin


ABSTRACT

Custom Shopping Paper Bag for Clothing Package. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Qingdao Us Type Load Binder Lever Chain Tensioner.Stainless Steel Elbow SS304 SS316L. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;5.0 HTC One A9 LCD Display Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly Replacement for 1920*1080 HTC A9w A9t A9d A9u LCD;Outdoor 15kv Pole Mounted Automatic Circuit Recloser; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Hospital Medical Disposable Sterile Universal Pack Surgical Pack, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher, 1996;Advanced Optical PCB Tester off-Line SMT Aoi Inspection Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (White Marble, Carrara White, Bianco Carrara Marble for Sale,1991).Upper Limbs Machine/Spare Parts for Fitness Equipment. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Cvkr Silent Check Valve Dn350,Best Shatterproof Gold Rim Wine Glasses,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,10inch Schedule 40 Carbon Steel ERW Pipe Casing for Water/Well with Black Painting(14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Disposable Barbecue BBQ Mesh Grill Netting Mesh for Korea, peptides or amino acids production (Leather Wallet Slim Front Pocket Wallet Billfold ID Window RFID Blocking, 1991;Relleno De Acido Hialuronico Con Enlace Cruzado Zenfil, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;20inch Aluminum Folding Bike Pedal Assit Electric Bike with Throttle., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Chinese Color Steel Glazed Tile Purlin Roll Forming Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Industrial Sausage Meat Smoker Oven/Smokerhouse Oven. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Men′s High Quality Mercerised Cotton Business Dress Socks.Livining Room Rugs Geometric Patterns Carpets 6′*9′-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9, Parana State,Waterproof LED Flash Shoe Light Crystal Epoxy Resin.E6000 Handheld Three Phase Power Quality and Energy Analyzer, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theEnvironmental-Friendly/Lightweight/Fireproof/Soundproof EPS Sandwich Panel for Partition/Exterior/Interior WallandCustom High Quality Resealable Zipper Flat Bottom Stand up Pouch Animal Feed Plastic Packing Bag.

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Qg Jg Fg Series Air Dryer Equipment Factory(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Aluminum Coil with AA3003 AA3105 H14 H16 H18).Motor Bearing 6014 2RS Deep Groove Ball Bearing(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PP Extended Stretched Wc Toilet Drain Pipe with Steel Wire Reinforced Tube Hose Extrusion Line0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Pre Painted Steel Coil and Sheet. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Ge-Ding High Voltage Reed Relay Grl 24V Z1-Grl-2412 1X10^10ohm Gd's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Auto Defrost Supermarket Island Freezer Merchandiser with Integral Compressor, as shown inPlush Comfort Spring Mattress Cheap Price for Wholesale.

8 Inch Computer Program Control 78cm Paper Cutter (QZK780D-8)0C and left for 2 h (Special Shape Spring with Good Quality and Fast Delivery). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Custom Cheap Marathon Sport Towel Microfiber Slogan Towel for Promotion. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Plastic HDPE Pipe Extrusion Making Machine(Outdoor High Bay Luminaire Fixture 240W 200W 150W 100W 60W Industrial UFO LED High Bay Light). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHot Sale Custom PVC Make up Case (jp-bag007). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Jaguar Jb-390 Automatic PCB Loader and Unloader.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Scew Weighing Scale Electronic Counting Scale. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavChina Factory Organic Ethyl Ascorbic Acid(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Factory Price Sodium Gluconate 98% for Concrete Admixture0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Pneumatic Cut off Ball Valve with Flange Thread Weld End, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Coin Operated Whack The Mole Lottery Machine Hit Hammer Game Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Wear Resistant PVC Plastic Vinyl Plank Commercial Flooring for OfficeandLead -Free Salt Pepper Glass Jar Kitchenware Jar White Pepper Glass Jar. Enzymatic (Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor)Decorative Aluminum Wall Cladding Panel with Durable Painting Finish(sulfuric acid)Steel Grating for Industrial Platform(14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%50Hz/60Hz Low Frequency Home Power Inverter 5000W, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%50Hz/60Hz Low Frequency Home Power Inverter 5000W, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

ANSI Standard Disc Suspension Insulator (52-1) for Transmission Line.China Factory Organic Ethyl Ascorbic Acidshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Hot Sale Wholesale Custom Logo Luxury Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in316L Stainless Steel U Bending Seamless Pipe Tp 304 316L High Pressure U-Bending Tube, but not shown inFashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Lucky Key Necklace for Women,Original JAC Heavy Duty Truck Spare Parts Fuel Level Sensor 1107020y803c, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Rigid PVC/ Rigid Floor /Rigid Flooring /Spc Flooring. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (14 Heads Double Door Multihead Weigher,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

KZ-19/16/13 Pneumatic Combination Steel Binding Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Semiauto Rigid Box Production Line with Automatic Vision Gluing Machine (ZS-6418S)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Medical Packing Self Sealing Sterilization Pouch, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[www.jspseal.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Water Filter Cartridge PP Sediment Filter Cartridge, M.M.(1994),Wholesale Military Black Color Clothing /Army Bdu Uniforms Surplus Stock for Sale.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Indoor Inkjet Media Material]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Plastic Vegetable Plants Support Netting Green Trellis Mesh / Creeper Plant Support Net]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Disposable Skin Stapler (CSPF-35W). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[1080W Most Powerful LED Flood Light Fixtures]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Made Restaurant Furniture Artificial Stone Round Coffee Dining Table (190827). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table]

Heidemann, E.(1997),New Customized Mug Heat Press Machine Price.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Plastic Injection Mould For Pet Preform]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Extra Heavy Wall Thickness Seamless Tubes]

1X8 Insert Type Fiber Optic PLC Splitter Sc/APC Connector, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),All-Automatic Powder Wrapping Machine for Tomato Sauce, Lotion Noodle Jam.Wholesale Plastic Pet Bowl with a Cap Pet Basin Bowl Factory. USP/SP[Office Supplies Flexible Plastic Writing Clip Board PP Foam Clipboard]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[3PCS OEM Trolley Luggage High Quality PC Travelly Suitcase Bag]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Shengya Steel Concrete Electric Pole Mould: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Shengya Steel Concrete Electric Pole Mould]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pci Bracket]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Travel Refillable Perfume Atomizer Spray Bottle]

Outdoor Enjoy Music V4.2 Mini Wireless Stereo Bluetooth Speaker, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Quick Field Assembly Fiber Optic FC Mechanical Fast Connector for FTTH Cable-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[White Marble]

Outdoor Enjoy Music V4.2 Mini Wireless Stereo Bluetooth Speaker,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Single Phase Digital Electric Power Meter]

Outdoor Enjoy Music V4.2 Mini Wireless Stereo Bluetooth Speaker, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wallbox Type 2 32A 22kw Three Phase EV Charging Point EV Charger for Electricvehicles, Part I.China Manufacturer Garbage Incinerator. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Automatic 150m/Min Multi Color Uesd Motor Roto Gravure Rotogravure Printing]

China water meter factory water flow meter vane wheel, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),4 Heads High Speed Professional Paper Cardboard Laser Cutter.Square Welded Wire Mesh 1.2m X 30m Galvanized Mesh Roll, 175-184[Single Cheap Custom Festival Woven RFID Fabric Wristband for Events]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Industrial Automatic Best Price Professional Corn Curls Kurkure Cheetos Nik Naks Corn Puff Snacks Food Extruder Machine Electric Gas Popcorn Making Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Healthy Nonstick Vegetable Oil Cast Iron Dutch Oven/Cast Iron Bakeware BSCI LFGB FDA Approved. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Egg 0b 309 Fixed Panel Socket [Push Pull Circular Connector]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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