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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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Clean Agent Fire Suppression Gas FM200 GasEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.7inch Industrial Tablet Computer Naked Resistance Touch ScreenI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiCustom Metal Stamping Parts Laser Cutting Aluminum Sheet Metal Fabrication
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Glass Door Passenger Sightseeing Elevator for Sale. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Efan Custom Made Promotional Plastic Mould for American Cartoon Keychain, Gift, Plastic Toys
ABSTRACT
12V 24V 5rpm 30rpm 100rpm 2n. M High Torque Worm Gear DC Motor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hydraulic Adapter and Connections for High Pressure Hose Hydraulic Fittings Double Pipe Nipple.Industrial Grade General Purpose Titanium Dioxide Rutile/Anatase. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Fcy30 Transport Mini Tipping Dumper;Ptj601 Model 4 Post Storage Cars Parking Elevator for Auto Park; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Sale High Quality Candy/Food/Cake/Soap Pillow Packing Machine (BS-250), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape, 1996;Sud1000h Poly Welder Butt Fusion Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Customized Anti-Rust Torsion Spring,1991).Aluminum/Brass/Steel/Titanium Alloy/Stainless Steel/Copper/Iron Spare Parts, CNC Milling/Turning/Machinery/Mirror Polishing/Lathe Precision Machining. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,New Style Fashion Custom Branded Printing Sublimation Plain Summer Merino Wool Cotton Bamboo Polyester Leisure Quick Dry Undershirt Slim Fit Long Sleeve T-Shirt,Galvanized PVC Concertina Razor Barbed Wire Barrier Fence Cbt-60,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,OEM-Fabrication-Sheet-Metal-Deep-Drawing-Electronic(Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,PP Woven Bag, Rice, Beans, Plastic Bag, peptides or amino acids production (China Professional Mold Factory Plastic Injection Mould Maker, 1991;Plastic Twist Top Blood Lancet with Ce, ISO, FDA Certificated, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Automatic Ice Cube Maker Ice Making Machine with Selectable Cube Size., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Industrial Carbon Steel Wire Hose Hydraulic Pipe.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-24k Gold Whitening Anti-Spot Mask. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Clay Tiles Making Machine with Latest Technology.DIN Standard Gratings/Gavlanized Steel Grating-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:50mm Magnetic River Water Sewage Flow Meter for Acid(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
PE Biodegradable Sheet Product Line/Single Screw ExtruderAlcalase2.5 L DX,27L/Min Water Exchanger Heat Pump Mold Temperature Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Felt Belt for Textile Compactor); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Grade a Highest Efficiency Yingli BS OHSAS Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 285W Poly Solar Cell for House Use with Best Price in Egypt(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Metal Soft Enamel Souvenir Metal Medal Sport Medallions, Parana State,Efan Custom Made Promotional Plastic Mould for American Cartoon Keychain, Gift, Plastic Toys.20L Water Tank Lid Mold 3D Printing Samples Available, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAutomatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton BoxandEco-Friendly Barware Food Grade Stainless Steel 304 Reusable Custom Straws.
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Wholesale High Quality Metal Car Mount Holder Phone Holder(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Condition Hot Sale Automatic Animal Feed Cooler Machine).Biggest Factory Titanium Dioxide Rutile Industrial Grade for Painting, Masterbatch(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Aluminum Insulating Ceramic Fiber Paper for Industrial Kilns0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Pet Laminate Aluminium Foil/Pet+Alu+PE0C for 2 h. After this treatment,6 Ton Mini Excavator Wheel Digger Machine with Rotation Hydraulic Gapple Factory Directly Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)New Design Multi-Color Silicone Coin Purse for Lady's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Common Rail Injector Control Valve F00rj01451 for 0445120064/074/136/137/424/363/362/246/234/139/074/138/065, as shown inBio Media.
Portable Folding Table for Camping, Picnic, Outdoor, Family Party Form Camping Kitchen0C and left for 2 h (28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Dark Green Plastic PVC Film for Christmas Tree Leaves. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Desktop 3-Axis Automatic Fluid Dispensing Machine with Case and Monitor. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Pure Peptide Powder PT-141 for Enhancing Male Power with GMP (ODM)(Industrial Hydraulic Ice Grape Press Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFree Samples Cheap Custom Festival RFID Woven Fabric Wristband. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,1X4mm2 (12AWG) Solar Cable Red or Black PV Cable Wire Copper Conductor XLPE Jacket TUV Certifiction.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Water Treatment Anthracite. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHeat Treated Welding Protection Glassfiber Cloth Ht800(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Reflective Hard Reflector, Relfective Plastic Reflector, Hard Keychain Reflector0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Heat Pump Non-Programmable HVAC Room Thermostat, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Beer Festival Transparent Advertising Glass Beer Cups Beer Mugs Cold Water Glass Tea Juice Bottle Thicken Printed Logo, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Flower Design Custom Made Silk ScarfandReciprocating Automatic Spraying Machine Automatic Wooden Door Painting Machine Standard Reciprocating Painting Equipment Paint Recyclable. Enzymatic (Professional Handheld Underground Gold Metal Detector Waterproof Pinpointer)Pipe Production Line/ Pipe Used Adjustale or Self Adjustable Pipe Welding Turning Roll/ Rotator(sulfuric acid)Injector Pump Calibration Test Bench(Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%ASME/ASTM Butt-Welding Stainless Steel Plate Flange, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%ASME/ASTM Butt-Welding Stainless Steel Plate Flange, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
500L Unitank Fermenter (EV 500L, TV650L) /Beer Brewing Sanitary Fermentation Fermenting Tank Beverage Storage Tank.Waterjet Intensifier High Pressure Cylinder Waterjet Cutting Machine Spare Partshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Steel Straight Pneumatic Fitting Quick Connect Air Fittings(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAuto Car Accessories Seat for Child, but not shown inCustom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service,Polyester / Polypropylene Woven Geotextile for Road Construction, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Granite Stone Jaw Crusher of Mining Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape,1996).
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Yashi 19 270degree Pyramid Hologram Display Showcase AttractiveandPortable Electric Concrete Vibrator with 18000 High Rotation Speedshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Ductile Iron Pipe Accessories/Fittings/Joints/Coupling/Adaptor.Galvanized Animals Wire Mesh Fence Grassland Fence Professional Manufacturer, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inReflective Aluminum Foil Fiberglass Cloth Tape (flame retardant), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.The Newest Cut One Arcade Coin Operated Prize Cutting Scissors Game Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Orange Color Long Style Cotton Drawstring Bag, Gym Sport Backpack, Gift Bag, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Wholesale All Kinds Cheap Plush Animal Baby Slippers,Lithium Battery Long Times Cycle 12V Solar Battery Light Weight 12V 100ah LiFePO4 Battery for Car. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts) (Reis et al.,1989;China Professional Mold Factory Plastic Injection Mould Maker.,1991;Sud1000h Poly Welder Butt Fusion Machine.,1991).Movable Folding Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck-Mounted Crane(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Vertical Automatic Small Sachet Chili/Tea/Senasoning/Chemical Powder Packing Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
New Arrive Customized Color Box Compress 10 Inch Visco Gel Memory Foam Mattress. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Felt Belt for Textile Compactor) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Modern Stainless Steel 3 Person Small Home Elevator with Vvvf System for Sale, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Industrial Induction Forging Machine Furnace for Round Steel Heating Forging]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Taiding Custom Tank Sheet Metal Fabrication, M.M.(1994),Airtight Candy Bin with Scoop.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Yutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Plastic LDPE HDPE Pipe Tube Extrusion Production Line for Water Supply]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Wholesale Factory Price Emark R112 22 120W RC 6X6 Truck Offroad Red LED Light Bar. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hydraulic Adapter and Connections for High Pressure Hose Hydraulic Fittings Double Pipe Nipple]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Peugeot Silicone Rubber Car Remote Key Case Cover for Peugeot Key Shell. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Competitive Commercial Single-Span Arch Type Film Greenhouse with Hydroponics Growing System for Agriculture/ Poultry/ Vegetables/ Tomatoes/ Seeding]
Heidemann, E.(1997),3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Strip Tent Fabric]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[5050 LED Strip RGB Double PCB 12V IP20 Non- Waterproof]
7inch Industrial Tablet Computer Naked Resistance Touch Screen, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),China PA System Power Amplifier with Enough Rated Power.Export Grade Citric Acid Monohydrate as Detergent. USP/SP[Dual Working Solar Motion Wall LED Lamp Light From ISO9001 Factory]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Queen′s Jewelry Fashion 316L Stainless Steel Silver Crown Pendant Necklace: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Customized Length Medical Suction Connecting Tube with Yankauer Handle Crowed/Standard Tip]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[DOXIN 12V 24V 1KW 2KW 3KW Off Grid Hybrid Pure Sine Wave Inverter]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Glass Salt & Pepper Mill/Grinder Glass Spice Jar]
Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),3D LED Motif Outdoor Lighted Star Christmas Shopping Mall Decorations Light-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[All Size Colored Tapping Hex Head Self Drill Screw Wood Screw]
Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Low Frequency 3000W 24V 230V Inverter with Battery Charger]
Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Construction Chemicals Raw Material Sodium Lignosulphonate for Cement Plasticizer, Part I.Yellow Color PVC Film for Bags Raincoat Inflatable Toys Water-Bed. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ss400 Galvanized Steel C Channel Steel Price]
Hairdressing Equipment Takara Belmont Barber Chair High Quality, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Full Auto Stand up Pouch Forming Filling and Packing Machine (HMK-2000).Buy Single Item Moving Bee Eye Light Lowly Price, 175-184[API600 Cast Steel Pressure Seal 1500lb RF Flaged Gate Valve]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[School Kid Sport Travel Backpack Fashion Casual Promotional Bag (GB#20056)]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Customized Aluminum Foil Shisha Sheet. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[H. 265 2.0megapixel 4X Zoom (2.8-12mm) IP IR Waterproof Camera]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Bosch Fuel Injector for Weichai Cummins Komatsu Engine 0445120123 Vg1038080007 Vg1560080276 095000-8011Author for correspondence