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Polycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer

Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Quality Orthopedic Fiberglass Splint. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Amazon Hot Selling Kids Playing Pop up Goal


ABSTRACT

Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price. After enzymatic hydrolysis,3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial.Baby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Reflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road Marking;Wide Jaws Adjustable Wrench with Big Grip Multi-Used (FM-W04); chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wooden Heavy Door All Kind of Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, 1996;PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Zw32m-12 Vcb 12kv Outdoor High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker,1991).Suction Function Handheld Cool and Heat Food Bowl for Baby. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,9.0m Long 26PCS Globe Bulbs Solar Powered G40 LED String Light, for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white),JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Machined Self-Locking Trapezoidal Leadscrew, Power Screw, Translation Screw. Left and Right Hand Screws, Split Nut, Half Nut(Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Factor Direct Adult Sex Toy Doll for Male Sex, peptides or amino acids production (C Axis CNC Lathe Machine Tool, CNC Lathe Machine Milling, CNC Lathe Machine Price Servo Turret EL52L, 1991;Soundproofing Foam Backed Vinyl 3D PE Foam Wallpaper Brick Factory, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;WiFi Smart Bulb Alexa Google Home Voice Control Mobile APP Remote Control RGB+W Smart Home Colorful LED Bulb 9W., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Worm Gear Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-H. 265 2.0megapixel 4X Zoom (2.8-12mm) IP IR Waterproof Camera. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Poultry House, Livestock, Poultry Farm.1100 T Aluminum Billet Heating Furnace with Hot Log Shear in Aluminum Extrusion Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Luxury Nice Designs Mother and Son Size Security Metal Copper Door W-Stz-02-2(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Black Slim PU Leather Passport Travel WalletAlcalase2.5 L DX,ASTM A269 TP304L Annealed and Polished Stainless Seamless Steel Pipe, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Automatic Fabric Cutting Machine for LeatherShoesPVCEVACarbon BoxGarmentCloth Materials with Ce); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)3 Colors Tactical Shooting Hunting Camouflage Clothes Suit(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

1.3KG Fire breaker for kitchen, Parana State,Amazon Hot Selling Kids Playing Pop up Goal.Ce RoHS FCC Shop Advertising Neon Illuminated LED Open Sign, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Golden Security Variable Printed 3D Anti-Faked Hologram Sticker Waterproof PrintingandSt1000 Fire Resistant Steel Cord Rubber Belt.

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Korean Integrated CTO Activated Carbon Filter for Water Treatment(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment).Vacuum Squeeze Filter Press for Coal Flotation Tailings(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Modular Portable Shipping Container Lkit Building Home Villa House0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%New Style 1000W Round Square Metal Tube Pipe Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel0C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Supplier of Excavator Spare Parts for Caterpillar Cat330. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Auto Accessories 3D/5D/7D Hot Press Car Pads for Toyota Innova crystal's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Aquarium Air Pump with 2 Nozzles Adjustable Gas Flow, as shown inHigh Quality Product IP66 Waterproof 3 Pin Industrial Straight Plug and Socket.

Wheel-Type-Carriage Precision Heavy Duty Linear Guide0C and left for 2 h ( Color Coated Aluminum Coils). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Double-Offset Double Flanged Stainless Steel Butterfly Valve. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Home Decoration Candle Glass Holder for Table Decorative(High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inUV Digital Inkjet Label Printer Machine for Roll Material. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wholesale Wooden Lid Borosilicate Jam Honey Storage Glass Jars.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Black Galvanized Head Stainless Steel Screw. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHardware Rigging Galv Zinc Plated M10 Eye-Hook DIN1480 Turnbuckle(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.OEM Logo Soft Silicone Reusable BPA Free Drinking Straws0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Coated Waterproof Tarp Fabric Sheet Cover PP/PE Tarpaulin, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/4 Drawer Steel Office Vertical Filing Cabinet, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Partsand12V Kids Ride on Remote Control Battery Powered Electric Toy RC Car. Enzymatic (Parts for Crane Outrigger Hydraulic Oil Cylinder)Boned Polyester Woven Faux Suede Sofa Fabric(sulfuric acid)Good Price Single Screw Double Dual Twin Die Head Polythene HDPE LDPE LLDPE PE Plastic Blown Film Blowing Extruder with 2 Winders Unit for Plastic Roll Making(Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High-Efficient Htk Walnut Shell Filter for Water Purification.Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kwshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainlesss Steel 304 Forged Pipe Nipple Threaded Nipple (KT0576)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inTop China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer, but not shown inCustom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box,Crystal Glass Rose Flower Wedding Table Decorations (JD-CF-100), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Popular European Style White Marble Coffee Tables for Dinnig Room. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Sodium Gluconate 98% Min Industry Grade for Chemical Admixture. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Automatic Fabric Cutting Machine for LeatherShoesPVCEVACarbon BoxGarmentCloth Materials with Ce) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Brake Disc, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Tesamorelin]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,DC 12V Cafe Coffee Shop Decorative LED Neon Flex China Custom Neon Sign, M.M.(1994),24volt Rechargeable LiFePO4 24V 100ah-a Li-ion Battery Pack for Marine Boat.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Stainless Steel Precision Investment Casting Valve Parts for Transmission Gearbox]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Good Day HOWO 4X2 5000liters 6000liters LPG Dispenser Truck]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-MP3 Wireless Bluetooth Car Audio Receiver Adapter with Remote. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[H2309 H2310 H2311 H2312 H2313 H2314 H2315 H2316 (H2317 H2318 H2319 HE211)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Sarms Mk-677 Capsule /Mk 677 Powder Ibutamoren/ Mk677 Powder. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Heat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe]

Heidemann, E.(1997),LED Screen Display Wireless Charging 10000mAh Power Bank.Leder 48,(5),99-104[China Factory Classic Damask Pattern Vinly Wallpaper]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom LCD Screen Video Box for Package: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Industry 0.002mm Accuracy Checking Fixture]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[chinacoinsandpins]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Impact Sound Isolation Wall Clip]

Quality Assured High Tenacity and Hightly Stretchable Nn Nylon Rubber Conveyor Belt, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Water Oxygen Jet Peel Facial Beauty Salon Machine for Skin Care Deep Cleaning-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[AISI 410 Stainless Steel Galvanized Wire for Making Scourer]

Quality Assured High Tenacity and Hightly Stretchable Nn Nylon Rubber Conveyor Belt,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Endoscopic Clip Applier Single Action Laparoscopic Applicator Instrument Forceps 5mm L1024]

Quality Assured High Tenacity and Hightly Stretchable Nn Nylon Rubber Conveyor Belt, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:2019 Panfeng Color Painting Three Flavor Soft Ice Cream Machine, Part I.Alu 2319 Slimline 12mm Wide Recessed Profile. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter]

High Quality Garden Green House/Glass Green House/ Conservatory/Sun Room/Gazebo, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men.12 Strands UHMWPE Braide Rope Synthetic Winch Rope Mooring Rope, 175-184[newsanitary.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[B45 2-Stroke Petrol Grass Cutting Brush Cutter Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),8p8c Mini RJ45 Female Jack Module Connector RJ45 Connector. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Fully Automatic C Z Purlin Cold Roll Forming Machinery]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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