ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

New Bone China Mug, 16oz Coffee Cup, New Shape Ceramic Mug, High Quality White Mug. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Agriculture Plastic Film Polycarbonate Metal Prefab Greenhouse.Q235 Jr Hollow Structual Section Steel Tubes with Good Quanlity. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Torque Low Rpm DC 24 Volt Motor Servo Brushless Motor Kw 750W 24V 750W BLDC Motor High Rotating Speed Agv Drive Unit, 1996;SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wear Resitant Rope End Cap Plastic Flange Cover,1991).Comfortable Two Piece Women Fitness Clothing for Gym Wear. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Industrial Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine Rinsing Drying Function Muti Tanks Ultrasonic Cleaner,Flat Surface Mounted 300mm 24W LED Panel Light for Interior,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Latex Paint Emulsion Thickener Agents with High Leveling Property(High Torque Low Rpm DC 24 Volt Motor Servo Brushless Motor Kw 750W 24V 750W BLDC Motor High Rotating Speed Agv Drive Unit, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fresh Juice with Suagr Filling Bottling Machine Small Scale Low Prices, peptides or amino acids production (Orfs Male/Orfs Female Hose Fitting, 1991;Ss400 Galvanized Steel C Channel Steel Price, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Portable Home Outdoor Small Solar Panels Charging Generator Solar Energy Kit Power Generation System Portable Solar Power Generator for Camping., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.ISO Factory of Tunnelboring Machine Rolling Over Disc Cutter.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Forged Sanitary Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Hose Nipple. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Torque Low Rpm DC 24 Volt Motor Servo Brushless Motor Kw 750W 24V 750W BLDC Motor High Rotating Speed Agv Drive Unit, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Quality Step Motor for Intelligent Sanitary/3D Printer.81144m Thrust Roller Bearing Used for Vertical Machine Machinery-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fancy Veneer Plywood. Natural Veneer Plywood for Furniture(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Linear Guideway Flat Bed CNC Lathe Machine (BL-Z0640), Parana State,Low Power Consumption Laser Foam Vertical Die Cutting Machine.Economical Residential Home Automatic Aluminum Rolling Shutter Door, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Torque Low Rpm DC 24 Volt Motor Servo Brushless Motor Kw 750W 24V 750W BLDC Motor High Rotating Speed Agv Drive Unit, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePolyester / Polypropylene Woven Geotextile for Road ConstructionandCummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218.

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Clear PVC Sheet with Coating for Card(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Hot Selling Extruded Aluminum Window Frame and Sliding Door Profile for Curtain Wall (A44)).Classic Black and White Plaid Sling Bag for Women(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%24 Fiber MPO MTP Breakout Cassette with MPO to LC Cable⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%10L/15L/22L/32L/42L/52L Portable Camping Fridge Compressor Beverage Lcebox Cooler Box Chest Freezer Car Refrigerator Mini Fridge for Car/Home/Outdoor⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Free Sample E Liquid/E-Juice for Nicotine Vaping. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Colored Foil Paper Hot Stamping Heat Transfer Print Package Craft's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)100% Acrylic Knitted Sports Woven Scarf, as shown in Black Epoxy.

Prefab Steel Structure Shed for Storage Warehouse⁰C and left for 2 h (Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Glass Manufacturer/Float Glass/ Tempered Glass (Flat or Curved) for Building / Furniture. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Gen 2+ or 3 Day/Night Vision Scope. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Waterproofed 4WD Boat Truck Winch 12000 Lbs 12 V Electrical Cable Winch Ce Approved(Produce N2o for Medical Gas Equipments). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inShadowless Operating Lamp For Operation. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,3pH in 3 pH out High Frequency Online UPS - Modular UPS 10 -300kVA.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%1650mm*80mm Stable Power Laser Tube. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFDA ISO Ce Marked Medical Diagnostic Dengue Rapid Test Kit(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Micro-Combustion Tube, Test Tube (HK-224)⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Stn Type 132X64 Round Display Small 2.1 Inch Cog DOT Matrix St7565r LCD Display Module Screen, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/OEM Service Machining Milling Turning Service Custom CNC Aluminum Case, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Bobcat Skid Steer Loader Bucket Teeth 6737325lpand3W LED Explosion Proof Emergency Exit Light. Enzymatic (Multi-Layer Rigid-Flex PCB Fr4-Polyimide Material Sample Making)Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler(sulfuric acid)Automatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton Box(High Torque Low Rpm DC 24 Volt Motor Servo Brushless Motor Kw 750W 24V 750W BLDC Motor High Rotating Speed Agv Drive Unit, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

PVC Cross Joint Pipe Fittings Equal Pipe Cross.2 Slots 40e2 Nice Industrial Machine LED Strip Aluminum Profileshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.3PC Stainless Steel Flanged End Ball Valve 3 Inches 150(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts, but not shown in37PCS 10W LED Zooming Moving Head Light for Stage/Event/Wedding/Disco/DJ/Concert/Performance Light,Ysdcnc Manual Sheet Metal Plate Bending Roller Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Betaine Anhydrous 98% Food Grade Good Quality Competitive Price. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Torque Low Rpm DC 24 Volt Motor Servo Brushless Motor Kw 750W 24V 750W BLDC Motor High Rotating Speed Agv Drive Unit,1996).

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KTVandCustom Orange Color Delrin Sheet POM Board for Automobile Industry/POM Sheet/POM Rod/Acetal Rod/Delrin Sheet/Delrin Rod/Blue Delrin Sheet/Color Delrin Sheetshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-2019 Brand New Promotion Gift Custom Logo Printed Laptop Webcam Cover.Bearing Stand Type Cam Follower, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inZ60 Smart Watch Steel Belt Pedometer Health Monitoring Information Push Social Entertainment Smart Reminder, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Hot Sale Electric LED light Aroma Diffuser(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Home Kitchen Water Purification Ozone Generator 1000mg) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[30 - 150kVA High Frequency Online UPS Power System Mps9335c]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Mirror Aluminum Reflective Sheet for Lighting 1050/1060/1070/1100/1200, M.M.(1994),Railway Freight Wagon Spare Parts Casting and Forging for Bogie.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Felt Belt for Textile Compactor]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Rainsky Ceiling Mounted Stainless Steel Shower Heads. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[China Battery Factory Direct Sale OEM 36V 2.6ah Lithium Battery]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Sizes Acrylic Shoes Storage Display Box. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Wall Washer Light Building Decoration Landscape LED IP65 Linear Light]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Casting Cover Aluminum Die Casting Products.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Synthetic Hexapeptide Ghrp-2 to Help Body Groth and Reduce Adiposity]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[marble Makeup Brush Set for Travel in 20PCS]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[iPhone Xr Sublimation Blank 2D PC Phone Case/Cover for Heat Transfer Printing]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Diagnostic HCG Midstream Pregnancy Test]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Alu 2319 Slimline 12mm Wide Recessed Profile]

Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nut-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Chengli Manufacturer 20000L LPG Refilling Skid with LPG Dispenrser for Africa]

Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[AAC Block Production Line / AAC Equipment Manufacturing/ Machinery]

Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:0.005mm Tolerance CNC Turned Stainless Steel 304 316L Parts, CNC Lathe Machine Parts, Part I.Commercial Cubic Rough Cut White Brown Tea Coffee Lump Sugar Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains]

304 316 Stainless Steel Grooved Cross for Water, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Outdoor 60W 80W Integrated All in One Remote Motion IP65 Sensor LED Solar Street Light with Lithium Battery Pole.Medical Equipment Supplier Sale Battery Portable Oxygen Concentrator for Home, 175-184[Anti Slip Protection Shoes Industry Suede Leather Safety Shoes]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Galvanized Square Washer with Timber Constructions]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),20 Watt AC Power Insect Killer Lamp Trap UV Light Electronic Bug Zapper Factory. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Food Kitchen Mini Milling Electric Grinding Maize and Flour Making Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Restaurant Elevator Lift for Kitchen Residential Hotel Dumbwaiter in ChinaAuthor for correspondence