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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Ce Marked Medical Syringe Pump (WP08N). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,New Good Quality Single Head 28W 30W 40W LED Small Grilled Down Light with 5 Years Warranty
ABSTRACT
Building Materials Corrugated Color Steel Sheets Roof Metal Claddings/Metal Sheet. After enzymatic hydrolysis,CCTV 2.0megpixel Mini Wdm HD-Ahd Pinhole Camera.Electro Galvanized Low Carbon Straight Cut Wire. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Geotextile for Roofs, Civil Applications. Railway Work;Pneumatic Shuttle Valve Flange Ends; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stx825 Dual 15 Powerful PA Speaker, Speaker Box, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B), 1996;Matt Black Silver Stamping Magnetic Closure 5 Tray 3 Tray Gift Box for Lashes., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mini High Frequency IGBT Induction 5kg Gold Melting Furnace with Crucible,1991).Commercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,5ml Portable Mini Aluminum Refillable Perfume Bottle with Spray Empty Cosmetic Containers with Atomizer for Traveler,Le1-D25 Controlling Motor 220V 25A Three Phase Magnetic Starter,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Best Price Plastic Spc Click PVC Vinyl Flooring for 5mm(Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu, peptides or amino acids production (Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16, 1991;SS316 Easy Install Quick Clean Motorized Sanitary Ball Valve with Tri Clamp Ends, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hot Sale Scc730 High Efficiency Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand Vibrator.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 105 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap.Factory Supply AS/NZS 1577 Australia Kwikstage Scaffolding Steel Planks-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:7 Color LED Facial Mask Neck Mask LED Photon Mask for Skin Care(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle CuttingAlcalase2.5 L DX,High Quality Screw Tools Tungsten Carbide Shaped Cold Heading Dies, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-ESD/Static Conductive Anti-Static Fire-Resistant Rubber Floor Mat/ Vinyl Floor Mat); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)400m/Min Shaft Less Slitting Machine for BOPP Pet OPP Films(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Small Capacity Automatic Cup Filling Machine, Parana State,New Good Quality Single Head 28W 30W 40W LED Small Grilled Down Light with 5 Years Warranty.Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDaytai 1550nm External Modulation Optical Transmitter 1550 -50kmandHigh Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate.
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Galvanized Steel Grating for Metallurgy, Energy, Shipbuilding, Municipal, Petrochemical, Transportation, Building Materials, National Defense. 255(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (C Type Small Simple Power Press Tools Machine with Foot Pedal Switch of Manufactuer Suppliers and Importer for Sale).Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%2019 New Release Doypack Sachet Powder Packing Machine Price0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Amplifier Tube Glass Vacuum Tube (833C)0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Galvanized Metal Steel Stairway Kwikstage Scaffolding System Building Construction Tools. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)New Style Custom Logo Makeup Multi Colored Eyeshadow Palette's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Supplier China Steel Stamping Cars Polished Aluminum Sheet Metal Price Custom Sheet Metal Bending, as shown inCjx2-F (LC1-F) AC Magnetic Contactor.
20cm Titanium Aluminum Stainless Steel Non Stick Fry Pan on Sale0C and left for 2 h (Custom Logo Packaging Nicotine Free Vape Ocitytimes Minibar Disposable Pen). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,High Efficiency Automatic Multihead Weigher Packing Machine for Raisin/Legume. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Daytai 1550nm External Modulation Optical Transmitter 1550 -50km(Indoor Cable 24 Core Multimode/Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inm.meditecho2.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,PE100 Plasitc Pipe for Gas Water Chemcial Sewage System.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hot Promotion Indian Market Underwear Adhesive Glue. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav700 Bar Hydraulic Stressing Jack Pump Hydraulic Power Pack Unit(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.New Industrial Wheeled Wooden Shoe Display Fixtures for Shop0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Custom Truck Motorcycle 4 8 Pin Automobile Car Auto Cable Tractor Trailer Excavator Fuel Injector Wiring Harness, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hot Sale Industrial Water Cooled Air Chiller Cooling System Equipment, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Speaker BoxandChinese Top Manufacturer Aluminium LED Profile for LED Linear Light. Enzymatic (High Quality Aluminum Carpet Topping Stage Platform)BY60100C type metal shaping machine/hydraulic shaper machine(sulfuric acid)Full Print Women Wholesale Custom Track Clothing Men Polyester Sweat Suit Hoodies(Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Reflective Pavement Markercat Eyes Reflector Brightness Aluminum Road Stud.24W 400W Rainproof Switch Power Adapter for LED Lightshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Office Supplies Flexible Plastic Writing Clip Board PP Foam Clipboard(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sell Advertising Industry Electronics Medicine 30W CO2 Glass Tube Laser Marking Machine, but not shown in450ml Can Beer Tin Take Away 2 Pack Shipped on Beer Tray,Anti-Counterfeiting Adhesive Seal Tamper Evident Security Warranty Void Tape, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Excavated Caterpillar Loader Mining Tunnel Loader Mucking Loader. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B),1996).
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China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing ServiceandHeadband Big Headphone EVA Bag Tool Case Specialized Storage Boxshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Sy09-05-003 Rubber Pet Grooming Massage Dog Cleaning Brush.Easy Installed Microwave Drying Equipment for Fish /Shrimp/Seafood for Small Factory, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHeavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Masturbators Adult Sex Toys Japanese Love Doll(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
New Powder Spray Booth for Metal Furniture. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (ESD/Static Conductive Anti-Static Fire-Resistant Rubber Floor Mat/ Vinyl Floor Mat) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Small Tin Box for Condoms, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Black Titanium Nitriding Coating Equipment]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price, M.M.(1994),Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Multiple Style Jewelry Packaging Box/Ring Box Custom Logo Jewelry Box]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Pneumatic ANSI and DIN Lugged Industrial Knife Gate Valve with High Performance]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Motor Bearing 6014 2RS Deep Groove Ball Bearing]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Online High Sensitivity Checkweigher with Pusher Bar]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable.Leder 48,(5),99-104[0mg Nicotine High Vg 10ml Plastic Bottle Mint Flavour Vape/Vaping Oil Liquid]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Qg Jg Fg Series Air Dryer Equipment Factory]
High Quality HDPE Pipe Fitting Flange Cast Iron Plate Flange, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032.AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe. USP/SP[High Quality Bucket Segment Bolt 6V0937]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2015 New Square Folding Ajustable Wall LED Bathroom Mirror]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Refillable Airless Cosmetic Packaging 10ml 15ml 20ml 30ml Serum Bottle]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Amusement Park Equipment Bumper Car]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[0.3mm Rotary Cut Red Hardwood Veneer for Making Plywood]
UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Wholesale Soft Hallux Valgus Bunion Corrector Brace for Sport Protection]
UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting]
UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand, Part I.CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Children Gift Outdoor Wooden Rocking Horse Toy]
Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620).2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision, 175-184[3 in 1 Monoblock Orange Juice Filling Products Bottling Equipment Manufacturers]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[CPVC ASTM2846 Water Supply Pipe Fittings Cross (G23)]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Compatible 1000base-Bx Bidi SFP 1490nm-Tx/1310nm-Rx 20km Dom Transceiver Module]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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