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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Pipe Connection Types of Pressing Scaffolding Universal Clamp. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Ml33-2mm Eddy Current Linear Position/Displacement Sensor
ABSTRACT
Veterinarian Ultrasound Diagnostic System for Cow, Horse, Swine, Goat. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Wholesale 25kg 50kg White PP Woven Sack for Flour Feed Grain.Wholesale Long Lasting Custom Private Label Glitter Lip Gloss. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;ASTM B399 Standard AAAC Conductor All Aluminum Alloy Conductor AAAC Cable;10ml 50ml 200ml 500ml Mustard Edible Olive Sunflower Cooking Oil Pouch Filling and Packing Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.19500lm 150W LED High Bay Lamp Fixture for Gym Hospital High School, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand, 1996;China High Brightness 6W Aluminum LED Solar Lawn Light Solar IP65 Landscape Lighting Lamps., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Various Bridge NdFeB Motor Magnets with High Performance,1991).White Melamine Powder for Industrial Uses. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,UV Resistant Durable HDPE Reinforced Geomembrane HDPE,2070 4th Axis CNC, Atc CNC Router Machine, Carving Engraving Machinery with High Z Axis,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Cheap Price Made in China Disposable Medical Heat Seal Flat Sterilization Pouch(High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,PE Film Blowing Machine (SJ-1000-1300-1500), peptides or amino acids production (Eco-Friendly Summer Beach Lady Handmade Paper Shopping Straw Basket Bag, 1991;304 304L 904L 309S 310S Stainless Steel Design Checkered Plate, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality 0.38mm Color Yellow PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2017 Factory Directly Oversized Women Sunglasses.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quanlity PTFE Thread Seal Tape. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Fiberglass Grating, FRP Grating, GRP Grating.Aluminium Profile Roller Shutters OEM/Rolling Screen Aluminium-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Rutile Titanium Dioxide Exterior Emulsion Paint(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Pet and PP Geobag with UV High Strength Thermal, Parana State,Ml33-2mm Eddy Current Linear Position/Displacement Sensor.3000mm Sliding Table Panel Saw with 45 Degree Cutting MDF, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger PipeandConventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks.
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Magnetic Latching Relay for Health Life(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Pharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6).More Cavities Plastic Mould Design(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Energy Conservation Electric Single Servo Turret Punch Press Machine D-Es3000C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quality 14AWG 16AWG USA spiral Power Cord to IEC C130C for 2 h. After this treatment,Baseball Cap Fitted Hat Casual Cap Gorras 5 Panel Hip Hop Snapback Hats Wash Cap for Men Women Unisex. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Soft magnetic alloy 1J38 rod / Ni38Cr13/38H14X's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Current Temperature Rising Test Large Current Temperature Rising Test System, as shown inHigh Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe.
Animal Manure Fertilizer Fermentation Machine0C and left for 2 h (Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Gloss). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Compact New Design IP65 Toggle Limit Switch. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Teflon for Industrial Plastic Gasket Seal with Good Quality. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Double Walled Stainless Steel Insulated Water Bottle(More Cavities Plastic Mould Design). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMetal 3d Medal. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wineglass Crystal Glass Snow White Mousse Pie Juice Cup Red Wine Glass.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%2018 Cheap PU Leather Bracelet in Alloy Jewelry. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavChina Laboratory Arm Fume Hood/Arm Fume Extractor/Mobile Exhaust Hood(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Competetive Price Tension Springs for Stapler0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Aramid Felt Teflon Felt Non-Woven Nomex Needle Punched Machine/ Felt Polishing Wheel Polished Felt CNC Digital Cutter Textile Felt Making Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Yuchai 400kw Diesel Generator SetandHorizontal Window Shade Blind Zebra Dual Roller Blinds Day. Enzymatic (New Fashion Diaper Bags Mummy Bag)Mellow OEM Plastic Pet House Ml-HP004(sulfuric acid)12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger(High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Air Duct Making Machine, HVAC Square Duct Making Machine for Sale.High Tensisle Strength Tissue Papershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China Brass Precision CNC Machining Spare Auto Parts with Competitive Price(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChinese Color Steel Glazed Tile Purlin Roll Forming Machine, but not shown in150*100mm Rearview Mirror Anti Fog Film Rain Proof Oval Film for SUV Car Mirror,Recycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality Dyed Colored Sand, Natural Coloured Sand,1996).
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Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden ArmrestandPractical Aluminium Alloy Sofa Release Handle Replacement Recliner Chair Partsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t.9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inBallscrew Fixed Support Unit Fk12 with High Quality for The Module, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop(Condell et al.,1993) .
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3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Carrier Roller for Sany Hydraulic Excavator Sy16-Sy850h-8,Mars Solar Complete 1kw 3kw 5kw 10kw 15kw 20kw 25kw 30kw Home Use Solar Power System off Grid Tie Inverter for Home. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Best Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061)) (Reis et al.,1989;Eco-Friendly Summer Beach Lady Handmade Paper Shopping Straw Basket Bag.,1991;China High Brightness 6W Aluminum LED Solar Lawn Light Solar IP65 Landscape Lighting Lamps.,1991).AKD Wax 1895/Alkyl Ketene Dimer 1895(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp.
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CONCLUSIONS
Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stainless Steel Hole Punching Machine/ CNC Perforation Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motor, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[aihdcam]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16), M.M.(1994),Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ SBPP]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Gas Calcined Anthracite Carburizing Agent]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Aluminum Remote Garage Door Rolling up Shutter]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[5kg Empty LPG Liquid Propane Gas Cylinder with Low Pressure]
Ceiling Mounted IV Stand Stainlesss Steel I V Pole, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins.CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle. USP/SP[Cvkr Silent Check Valve Dn350]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[120da 3-32V DC Output 24~480VAC High Voltage Single Phase Solid State Relay]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[80 Series Sliding Frame Extruded PVC Window Profile]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts]
LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Indoor Outdoor Playground Ninja Warrior Equipment Obstacle Course]
LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Injection Molding]
LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets, Part I.Submersible Propeller Pump with Axial-Flow/Mixed-Flow Impeller. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger]
Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine.Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper, 175-184[Disposable Paper Cup Handle Machine]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[V Folding HDPE LDPE Coreless Degradable Star Sealing Corn Starch Trash Coreless Rolling Garbage Flat Plastic Bag Making Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Women Summer Swimsuit Chest Zip Bathing Suit]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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