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ABSTRACT

Nh4cl White Granular Agricultural Grade Ammonium Chloride. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Concrete Aluminum Formwork System Aluminium Formwork.Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Men′s Leather Loafers Shoes Driving Loafer Men Dress Shoes;High Quality Spooling Pet Polyester Mylar Film for Cable Material; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Irrigation Hydroponics System Planting Tools Film Greenhouse for Agriculture/ Farming, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Creative Beautiful Flower Design Metal Promotion Gift Medal of Souvenir, 1996;2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Unique Design for Handle Champange Glass Uesd for Hotel and Restaurant,1991).150mm Interior Decorative WPC Ceiling Tiles PVC Wall Panels. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Best Design and Nice Price All in One Solar Street Light,Customized Large Ss Stamping/ Bending Sheet Metal Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High-Quality 201 304 410 430 Grade Mirror Finish Stainless Steel Sheet(Creative Beautiful Flower Design Metal Promotion Gift Medal of Souvenir, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System), peptides or amino acids production (Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb, 1991;Mechanical Seal, Auto Cooling Pump Seal, Automotive Water Pump Seal, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Private Label Customized Teeth Whitening Activated Charcoal Toothpaste OEM., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Aluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality Garden Tools 22t Carbon Steel Leaf Rake with Fiberglass Handle. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Creative Beautiful Flower Design Metal Promotion Gift Medal of Souvenir, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw.Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Polished Tzm Molybdenum Alloy Plate(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant).Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Desktop & Wallmount Workstation Floorbase Single Monitor 10-24 Height Adjustment⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wholesale Custom Football Net Soccer Goal Net for Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)8 in 1 3.1 USB C Type C Hub with 4K HDMI Adapter for MacBook PRO's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator, as shown inCustomized Large Ss Stamping/ Bending Sheet Metal Parts.

Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard⁰C and left for 2 h (Hanging Necklace Fan USB Rechargeable Battery Operated Fan). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Custom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,New Invention 2017 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Driving System for Hybrid Stepper Motor Dm860A(Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSpecial Design for Shock Absorber Buffer Rubber - AC1210 - Zhuohui. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Atf-805 Auto Transmission System Flushing Machine with CE/SGS.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSnf-B/Fdn-B/ Sodium Naphthalene Formaldehyde/ Water Reducing Admixture(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Business Class Eyeshade Quality Travel Eye Mask Sleeping Eye Cover⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Factory Price 6mm Stainless Steel Wire Rope 7*7, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Custom Stainless Steel Double Small Torsion Spring. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Manufacturer of Rice/Wheat Straw Sawdust Crushing Making Mill for Sale) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

1 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Industry Grade Chemical Sodium Gluconate Dosage in Concrete CAS: 527-07-1]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Industrial Rubber Nylon Conveyor Belting Automotive Parts, M.M.(1994),Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High Quality Product IP66 Waterproof 3 Pin Industrial Straight Plug and Socket]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ Color Coated Aluminum Coils]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Small Leather Shoes Craft Laser Cutting Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Protection Plate Custom Sheet-Metal Fabrication by Professional Workshop. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Central Loose Tube No Armored 2 - 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw]

Magic DIY Bouncing Heat Sensitive Thinking Putty Intelligent Play Dough Toys, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Durable Comfortable Rubber Non Slip Mouse Pad Wrist Rest.China Manufacturer Industrial Aluminum Floor Bar Grating. USP/SP[Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Custom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Food Grade Stainless Steel Milk Dairy Equipment for Factory: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale Laser Projector RGB Laser Light for Stage]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Spoke Wheels]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Original Cummins Diesel Engine Spare Parts Flywheel Ring Gear]

Sun-160 Full Automatic Electric Driven Weighing Cups Filling Packing Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Plastic Colored Custom Foam Shampoo Pet Bottle with Cosmetic Pump-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength]

Sun-160 Full Automatic Electric Driven Weighing Cups Filling Packing Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Lost Wax Casting Precision Casting Spring Snap Hooks for Chain Rigging]

Sun-160 Full Automatic Electric Driven Weighing Cups Filling Packing Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Low Frequency 3000W 24V 230V Inverter with Battery Charger, Part I.Amazon Best Selling Sports Ankle Support Sleeves Compression. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring]

Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Tester, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staples.ASTM Iron Sand Casting Parts, 175-184[Fiber Optic Transceiver]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),200W/300W Die Casting Aluminum LED Profile Spot Effect Light. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Digital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet Door]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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