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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Stainless Steel Checkered Plate 304 316L 410 Floor Material. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Low Demand Products The Safety Wire Rope Lock for Barcode Cable Tie Box
ABSTRACT
Professional OEM Plastic Mould / Molding Service Maker Plastic Injection Mold. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Scantech Handheld Hscan331 3D Laser Scanner for Quality Inspection.Bluetooth Wireless Earbuds Creative Cute Silicone Earphone Case for Airpods. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Indoor Sports Fitness Equipment Electric Manual Motorized Treadmill Exercise Bike Nada Sports;Sport Anti Vibration Hiking Safety Shoes; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Eco-Friendly Round Head Screw Hex Anchor Eye Bolt for Power Industrial, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine, 1996;24W 400W Rainproof Switch Power Adapter for LED Light., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Industrial Threaded Plastic Connector Female Electrical Plug,1991).Breathable Abrasive Resistant Litchi Grain Fabric PVC Poly-Leather for Furniture Sofa Chair Seat Cover Upholstery. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Modern Style Particle Board Lacquer / PVC Wrapped Vinyl Bathroom Cabinet Vanity,Geotextile for Airport Runways/High Way, Railway,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Single Cylinder Mini ATV with EPA Certificate (MDL GA003-2)(Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture, peptides or amino acids production (Cute Cartoon Coin Purse Children Zipper Purse, 1991;Garment Lace Coating Machine Automatic Silicone Coating Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;2018 New Design Lady Handbag Classic Satchel Women Bag Crossbody (WDL0980)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Tamper Evident Security Seals Heat Resistant Electronic Tape.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-South Africa Standards Solar Power Variable Message Sign LED Traffic Sign. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 102018 New Design Sea Water 5t Flake Ice Machine with Ice Bin.Full Suspension Mountain Electric Bicycle with Magnesium Alloy Integrated Wheels-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Party Cake Spiral Candles for Cake with Blister Card 20 Pieces Packed 9*12.5cm(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Mooncake Pastry and Plastic Packaging BoxAlcalase2.5 L DX,Complete Maize Starch Wet Milling Plant with High Quality, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Color Powder Coated European Standard Aluminum Curtain Rail Rod Pole); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Top Furniture Cheap Iron Stacking Banquet Hall Chairs(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Luxury Transparent Colorful Plastic Electroplating Pump Cosmetic Packaging Airless Bottle, Parana State,Low Demand Products The Safety Wire Rope Lock for Barcode Cable Tie Box.Sports Compression Ankle Brace Breathable Ankle Support Plantar Fasciitis Socks, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDecorative Aluminum Wall Cladding Panel with Durable Painting FinishandChina Manufacturer Export Copper Foot Tap/Valve (HFV-001).
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High Lumen Aluminum Shell 12V DC 30W LED Street Light Bulb(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder).Magic DIY Bouncing Plasticine Magnetic Thinking Putty Toy for Kids Adults(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Document Storage Durable Metal Wire Mesh Decking for Pallet Rack0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Mosquito Proof Fiberglass Fly Screen0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Crystal Glass Rose Flower Wedding Table Decorations (JD-CF-100). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Walnut Birch Basswood Walnut Children Craftes Toyslaser Cutting Plywood Board's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)19m Mobile LED Display Billboard for Advertising Screens, as shown in Fabric.
Baby Gym Toy with Piano Plastic Baby Cartoon Toys (H8732042)0C and left for 2 h (Blince High Torque OMR Hydro Motor for Injection Moulding Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,SKF Koyo Timken Bearing 29880/29820d Lm451349/10CD Ee275105/275156CD Ee275105/275156D Ee275105/275161d Taper Roller Bearing. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Cooling Tower Replaced Fill Media(Cold Formed Welded Square Hollow Section/Pipe Galvanized Pipe Welded Pipe Shs Rhs Tube En10210 En10219 ASTM A500 JIS G3466 As1163 GB/T 3094 GB/T 6728 etc.). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSolar Bracket Light Steel C Channel Strut Channel. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,A234 Wpb Dn150 Std Lr 90 Degree Seamless Elbow.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Bulk Wonderful Buckle Sexy Bikini with Belt Swimwear. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavStainless Steel Expanded Mesh(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate 70%/AES SLES 68585-34-2(HPLC)
The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Lf + Hf Contactless Smart Hybrid Card0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Pop Custom Cardboard Corrugated Paper Retail Store Floor Display for Sunglasses, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/LED Fairy Star Light for All Kinds of Decoration Skylike, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Nice Quality Coloring Printing Children Board Book PrintingandCreality Cr-10 V2 3D Printer with Removable Build Surface Plate and UL Certified Power Supply. Enzymatic (Linear Vibrator Screener, for Granule and Powder Selection and Classification)Infant Apparel Coat Toddler Children′s Product Clothes 1-3 Years Old, Infant Cartoon Hoodie Fleece Jacket(sulfuric acid)Children Hardcover Book Printing Services with Free Printing File Checking(Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%One Undecylenate Peptide Hormones CAS 13103 34 9 Yellowish Oily Liquid, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%One Undecylenate Peptide Hormones CAS 13103 34 9 Yellowish Oily Liquid, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Global Brands 10 Year Cheaper Hook & Loop Tape Male Side.Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descalingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.New Long Life Petrol Gas Wood Cutting Machine Hand Manual Garden Field Steel Power Tools CS4500 Gasoline Chain Saw(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMini Double Hole ABS Plastic CNC Machined Parts Importer, but not shown in12oz 16oz Glass Mason Jar with Handle and Straw,Custom Logo Various Flavor 500puffs E-Cigarette Disposable Electronic Cigarette, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ep/ Nn/Chevron Heat Resistant Conveyor Belt Rubber Conveyor Belt. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Semi-Automatic Pipe Cutter CG1-30 Portable Torch Track Burner Straight Line Gas Cutting Machine,1996).
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Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cardsand Underground Carportshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-25ton LPG Tank Trailer LPG Semi Trailer LPG Gas Tank for Zimbabwe.Large Size Stone Aluminum Honeycomb Panel for Facade, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inGarden Lamp Solar Powered Lighting 48LED PIR Motion Sensor with Remote Control, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Outdoor Show Audio Vera12+ Upgraded Passive Line Array Speaker System(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Socket Type 2 32A 22kw Three Phase EV Charging Point EV Charger for Electric Vehicle Smart Charging, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Making Machine for EVA Soft Hose,Cummins Diesel Engine ISM11 Qsm11 Fuel Injector Repair Rebuilt Parts Injector Cup Nozzle 4903474. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Ce Marked Medical Syringe Pump (WP08N)) (Reis et al.,1989;Cute Cartoon Coin Purse Children Zipper Purse.,1991;24W 400W Rainproof Switch Power Adapter for LED Light.,1991).High Efficiency Air Cooled Air Source Water Chiller Heat Pump(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Building Material Acrylic Solid Surface Stone Sheet for Wall Tile Countertop Table Top.
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CONCLUSIONS
12oz 16oz Glass Mason Jar with Handle and Straw. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Color Powder Coated European Standard Aluminum Curtain Rail Rod Pole) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Mini Freeze Dryer for Sale, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Dark Green Color Plastic Material Non-Spark Square Shovel]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,5 Years Warranty Rubber Refining Mill Machine for Mixing Rubber, M.M.(1994),Aws A5.1 E6013 Welding Electrode in Carbon Steel Structure.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Aluminum Sheet Metal Case Parts for Industrial Computer]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Waterproof Fireproof Commercial Vinyl PVC Bethroom Wall Tile]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-CNC Turning Brass Part for Power Cable Connector, 24K Gold-Plated, Engraved. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Wall Mounting Metal Control Box Control Desk]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality and Efficient Combustion UHP Graphite Electrode. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hotel Laundry Flatwork Ironing Machine/Roller Machine / Linen Iron Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Graphite Ring Good Lubrication.Leder 48,(5),99-104[HCG Pregnancy Test Strip Cassette Midstream]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ultra-Wide Nonmagnetic 5052 Aluminum Alloy Coil for Kitchen Cabinets]
New Design Many Styles Fancy Wine Display Rack (6532), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Flat Head Six-Lobe with Gasket Self Tapping Screws.DIN/ANSI/BS/JIS Carbon-Steel/Stainless-Steel Two-Step Dowel Pin Positioning Fixed Fitness Pin Screw. USP/SP[Semiauto Rigid Box Production Line with Automatic Vision Gluing Machine (ZS-6418S)]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Etched Stainless Steel Titanium Sheet]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Waterproof Fireproof Commercial Vinyl PVC Bethroom Wall Tile: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[CNC Turned Aluminum Anodized Auto Part]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Garden Tool 2 Stroke 42.7cc Gasoline Grass Trimmer and Brush Cutter]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ml33-2mm Eddy Current Linear Position/Displacement Sensor]
0.6m 20W Modern Commercial Indoor LED Linear Trunking Tube Lighting, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Weiying Full Computerized Plain and Invisible Sock knitting Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture]
0.6m 20W Modern Commercial Indoor LED Linear Trunking Tube Lighting,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask]
0.6m 20W Modern Commercial Indoor LED Linear Trunking Tube Lighting, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser, Part I.Disposable Food Packaging Paper Soup Bowl with Lids. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Custom Waterproof BNC Connector for Industry]
500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication Part.Fng Circular Push Pull Male Connectors with Lanyard 0b 6pins, 175-184[IP67 Waterproof Metal Elevator 19mm Start Push Button Membrane Switch with Socket]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Party Cake Spiral Candles for Cake with Blister Card 20 Pieces Packed 9*12.5cm]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Trade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Self-Propelled Wheel Farm Using 3 Rows Corn Harvester]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication PartAuthor for correspondence