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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Dead Sea Mud /Aloe & Dead Sea Mud/Snail &Dead Sea Mud Black Mask Remove Blackhead Mask Box-Packed. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hydraulic Orbital Valve Power Steering


ABSTRACT

W11S-20X3200 Hydraulic Universal Three Rollers Sheet Plate Rolling Bending Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,AISI 410 Stainless Steel Galvanized Wire for Making Scourer.CS1363 a Standard UK 3 Pin Power Plug. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Food Chopper;Inside Angle Profile Corner Bracket for 30A Series Aluminum Profile; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market, 1996;Longzhiyu 13 Years China Aluminum Lapel Pin Manufacturer Customised Bullion Badges Custom Gold Pins., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Beauty Diamond Large Barber Professional Travel Stylist Organizer Tools, Black Diamond,1991).Factory Stock Spring Steel U Type Clip Nut. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,ASME VIII Pressure Vessel for Curing Carbon Fiber Parts,Hpt621 Self-Calibration GPS RS232 0-5V Fuel Level Sensor for Truck,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut(ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Portable Electric Concrete Vibrator with 18000 High Rotation Speed, peptides or amino acids production (22 Inch Wall Mountdigital Photo Frame Interactive Touch Screen Bus Media Player Advertising Poster, 1991;Heavy Duty Black Canvas Folding 16 Inch Tool Bag Jg-Djb4122, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Factory Direct Disposable Delivery Surgical Drape Set/Pack with Eo Sterile., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Thermal Insulated Basalt Rock Wool Rolls with Wire Mesh for Roofing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-UCP Color Army Camouflage Uniform Army Military Uniform Suit. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 100.5 Gallons Cool Mist Ultrasonic Humidifier.Manhole Galvanized Steel Trench Cover for Drain, Curb Ramps and Dockplates-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Sanjing PVC Lining Layflat Fire Hose(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Qt10-15 Automatic Concrete Cement Hollow Solid Paver Curbstone Brick Block Making Machine Price in MadagascarAlcalase2.5 L DX,China High Quality and Cheapest Price 15W 18W 20W 6′′ LED Down Light, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Automatic CNC Glass Cutting Machine Glass Cutting Table); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Dual Working Solar Motion Wall LED Lamp Light From ISO9001 Factory(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Automatic Moder Double Seal Nipple Drinking System for Broiler Chicken, Parana State,Hydraulic Orbital Valve Power Steering.Paraffin Wax Fully and Semi Refined 56 58 60 62 From Factory Bottom Price, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theiPhone Xr Sublimation Blank 2D PC Phone Case/Cover for Heat Transfer PrintingandIndependent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board.

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Pet PP Rope and Broom Wire Drawing Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Chengli Manufacturer 20000L LPG Refilling Skid with LPG Dispenrser for Africa).14 Oz Paper Food Packaging Noodle Sushi Salad Bowl Cup(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PTFE Seat Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn160C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Waterjet Intensifier High Pressure Cylinder Waterjet Cutting Machine Spare Part0C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Supplier Single Person Fishing Boat Angler Pedal Kayak 10FT for Adults. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Restaurant Elevator Lift for Kitchen Residential Hotel Dumbwaiter in China's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Aluminum Alloy Architect Triangle Scale Ruler with Color Grooves (WW-TSR01), as shown inAAC Block Production Line / AAC Equipment Manufacturing/ Machinery.

Pipe Conveyor Belt, Ep Conveyor Belt/ Nn Conveyor Belt0C and left for 2 h (New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Plain Makeup Bag Canvas Cosmetic Bag. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,14inch -16.5inch Student / Beginner Maple Laminated Viola with Free Viola Case, Viola Bow. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'1/2 Inch 4sh 4sp Steel Wire spiral High Pressure Hose(Galvanized Square Washer with Timber Constructions). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFry Ice Cream Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Pressure Food Grade Forged Tube Screwed Connector Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Casting Nipple.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Handwear Muslim Islamic Jewelry Halal Ring Lovers Titanium Steel Ring Stainless Steel Jewelry. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Wholesale Qualited Polyester Padding Men Jacket(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Food Grade Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag OEM Manufacturer0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Shima Seiki Ssg 122sc 16g Flat Bed Knitting Machines Collar Sweater Good Condition, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Food Kitchen Mini Milling Electric Grinding Maize and Flour Making MachineandDouble Sides PVC Coated Fabric for Rafting Boat and Inflatable Boat. Enzymatic (River Water Cleaning Sludge Sediment Machine Lamella Clarifier)Polyester Coated Stainless Steel Ladder Type Metal Ties(sulfuric acid)2019 Ebay Hot Prefilled Salt Nicotine Tomato Sauce Disposable Vape Device(ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%SDS160 50mm/160mm Socket Fusion HDPE PPR Pipe Butt Welder, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%SDS160 50mm/160mm Socket Fusion HDPE PPR Pipe Butt Welder, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Copper Laminated Steel Strip T2/C11000.Restaurant Elevator Lift for Kitchen Residential Hotel Dumbwaiter in Chinashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Halal Empty Gelatin Capsule for Medicine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSs400 Corner Metal Sheet Bar Galvanized Angle Iron, but not shown inHot Selling Galvanized Bolt for Fixing Cable Clamp on The Pole,Valve Rubberwasher, Wholesale Hot Sale Rubber Silicone Seal Diaphragm, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Gym Fitness Exercise Sporting Body Building Bicep Press. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market,1996).

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Type Price Prefabricated Roof Tile in SudanandV6 Wireless Premium Stereo Portable Bluetooth Speaker for Indoor/Outdoorshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Chinese Forklift Hydraulic Manual Fd30 3 Ton Forklift Truck.Metal Steel Frame Membrane Structure Car Parking Shed Cover Design, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inButt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Jm305 Hot Sell Single Bowl Kitchen Sink with Small Size(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Servo System Double Action 1000 Ton Hydraulic Deep Draw Press Machine Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink Manufacturing Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Automatic CNC Glass Cutting Machine Glass Cutting Table) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Chuke 20W Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine Printer Engraver, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Promotion Custom Fashion Festival Event Printed Rainbow Elastic RFID Textile Polyester Fabric Bracelet Coachella Friendship Satin Ribbon Nylon Woven Wristband]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank, M.M.(1994),Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Aquarium Air Pump with 2 Nozzles Adjustable Gas Flow]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CNC 4FT Wood Log Rounder Log Debarker Machine for Plywood Making]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Plastic Food Box Container Covers by Injection Mould Mold Tool. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[DIN Standard Gratings/Gavlanized Steel Grating]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),304 Stainless Steel V Shape Powder Mixer Pharmaceutical Mixing Equipment. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Coated Waterproof Tarp Fabric Sheet Cover PP/PE Tarpaulin]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Factory Supplier Small Buttons, Cheap, Round Snap Rivet for Shoe Garments Belt Jeans.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hgz-5 Welding Turning Roll]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[En1092-1 05 Pn16 Blind Flat Face Flange]

Wd190V Handheld Full Body Scanner Hand Held Metal Detector, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology.Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products. USP/SP[10g Food/Pharmaceutical Desiccant Silica Gel for Moisture Absorbing]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Customized Hot Forging Agricultural Spare Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[pulpmask.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair]

1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Dedi Manufacture Self Service SIM Card Dispenser Kiosk Machine with Cash Dispensing Module]

1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Printing Adhesive Waterproof Custom Membrane Switch for Electric Cooker]

1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer, Part I.High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ysdcnc Manual Sheet Metal Plate Bending Roller Machine]

Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21.Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml, 175-184[Led Light Suit]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[3D LED Motif Outdoor Lighted Star Christmas Shopping Mall Decorations Light]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Colorful Kinetic LED Vertical Tube DMX RGB Pixel Tube]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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