ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Christmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light

ABSTRACT

Round Casting Iron Trench Cover Manhole Cover Frame. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane.Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench;Stationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 1996;Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve,1991).Ozonated Water for Vegetables and Fruits Washing Ozone Generator. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Fabric Wrapped Oil Resistant Flexible Rubber Fuel Hose,Day and Night Zebra Blind Fabric Z1602,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,40*20*2mm 6082 Aluminum Rectangular Tube with Round Corners in Stock(Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical), peptides or amino acids production (Impact Sound Isolation Wall Clip, 1991;Higo Factory Price Metal Eyeglasses with Clip on Magnetic Sunglasses for Driving, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;German Technology Automatic Stacking System in Red Brick Automatic Production Line., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Top Quality Galvanized Iron Wire as Binding Wire.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-13.56 MHz Fudan FM11RF08 Chip Card. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Yutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt.Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

100% Acrylictoddler Baby Fleece Beanie Knit Hat Winter Kids with EarflapAlcalase2.5 L DX,Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Handheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep, Parana State,Christmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light.Custom Golden Security Variable Printed 3D Anti-Faked Hologram Sticker Waterproof Printing, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOutdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss StageandW11S-20X3200 Hydraulic Universal Three Rollers Sheet Plate Rolling Bending Machine.

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High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility).Hinge Joint Fence/Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Animal Fence(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Underground Garden 6W High Power Outdoor LED Lawn Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Stamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication, as shown inCustom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process.

Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag⁰C and left for 2 h (6.6kw LiFePO4 Charger for Lithium Battery Pack). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid(Folding Aluminium Easy Move Choral Stage with Wheels for School). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAutomatic Paper Doy Pack Filling Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Best Quality 24V 90ah 100ah 110ah Lithium Battery Byd Catl Tesla.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languages. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHolo Sequins Nail Salon Decor Laser Glitter Dust Flakes Decoration(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Commercial Fitness Gym Strength Equipment Half Rack Body Solid Power CageandNetwork Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch. Enzymatic (Bobby Flay Websites Restaurant Martha Stewart Designer Tray)Plastic PVC Window Decking Profile/Ceiling/ Door Board/Wall Panel/Edge Banding/Sheet Extrusion Extruding Machine Production Line(sulfuric acid)Airport Runway Reinforced PP Twist Fiber Toghter with Mesh Fiber(Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety.Superior Watertightness JS Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Basementshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNew Style 1000W Round Square Metal Tube Pipe Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel, but not shown inSilicone Cake Mold Sinle Cupcake DIY,4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric,1996).

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Home and Office PVC Vinyl Flooring Conductive Plank FlooringandPet Laminate Aluminium Foil/Pet+Alu+PEshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets.130HP 4WD Large Farm Power Engine Tractor From High Quality Factory, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inShenzhen Manufacturer High Quality Metal CNC Precision Machining Titanium/Stainless Steel/Brass Custom Aluminum Case/Box/Casing/Enclosure, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg,1325 CNC Engraving Router. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable) (Reis et al.,1989;Impact Sound Isolation Wall Clip.,1991;Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper.,1991).Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling.

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CONCLUSIONS

Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Ergonomic Design]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218, M.M.(1994),Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Customized Stable Burn-in Test Equipment]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Manufacturer Wallpaper House Decoration Wall Paper]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Factory Product International Marketing Aluminum Ceramic Corner Tile Edge Trim Line for Marble Wall]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Mini Blown Film Extrusion.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Farming Machinery For Rice]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[3pH in 3 pH out High Frequency Online UPS - Modular UPS 10 -300kVA]

Outdoor Cat Scratching Tree Cat Climbing Modern Luxury Large Cat Tree, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda.Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac. USP/SP[Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Professional Ultrasonic Skin Scrubber Skin Cleansing Radio Frequency Facial Bio Lifting Face Comedo Suction Beauty Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Custom Black and White Segment Code Screen Electronic Scale LCD LCD Screen Digital Display Electronic Scale Dedicated LCD Screen]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Food Catering Trolley]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Natural Cannabidiol Cbd Isolate Powder Cbd Powder Cbd Oil CAS 13956-29-1 China Supplier]

Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality Garden Tools 22t Carbon Steel Leaf Rake with Fiberglass Handle]

Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes]

Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light, Part I.FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Nylon Back to Back Continuous Hook and Loop Wrap Tape Strap]

3D Embossed Iron on Label Clothing Heat Transfer Label, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Glass Food Jar & Plastic Lid.0-10V Analog 1000mm Linear Position String Encoders Rotary Encoder String Potentiometer, 175-184[FUJI High Speed & Low Noise Home Passenger Elevator]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Custom Grey Full-Zip Cotton Mens Hoodies]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Easy Operation Low Investment Cassava Silo. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Promotional Plain Silver Empty Hinged Rectangular Tin Box]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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