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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Best Seller Hot Sale Compatible Lemos Feg 2b 26 Pin Metal Circular Push Pull Self Latching Connector. After enzymatic hydrolysis,FRP GRP Fiber Reinforced Plastic Fiberglass Gratings.Customized Length Medical Suction Connecting Tube with Yankauer Handle Crowed/Standard Tip. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.New Funfair Outdoor Sky Space Walk Tourist Bike Amusement Park Rides, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Sleeved Wire Harness for Industry Equipment, 1996;Hot Filling 4-in-1 Fruit Juice with Pulp Making Bottling Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Home Use Standing Modern Floor Lamp (KAF6108),1991).Y2ej Cast Iron Electromagnetic Brake Asynchronous AC Electric Induction Motor. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,1.75mm 3mm ABS PLA PC 3D Printer Filament Machine,Korea Technology Commercial Waterproof Eco Click Lock Luxury Vinyl PVC Plank Flooring,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Nutrition Enhancer Environmental Nutritional Yeast Powder(Sleeved Wire Harness for Industry Equipment, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Decor Paper Laminate Wood Flooring Manufacturer Also Wood Grain Design for 8mm 12.3mm Laminated Flooring, peptides or amino acids production (CO2 Glass Tube Ss Laser Marking Machine for Different Non Metal Marking Machine, 1991;New Technology P8 Outdoor LED Display Screen Videowall for Propaganda Board, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Best Selling Anti-Aging Remover Hyaluronidase Injection Hyaluronic Acid Lyase., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Army Captain Navy Blue Color Hat for Army Tender.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Women′s Tote Bag Small Canvas Shoulder Bag Daily Working Handbag. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Sleeved Wire Harness for Industry Equipment, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Efficiency Mini-Pleat HEPA Filter (H13/H14).Modern Vertica Parking Garage System-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wholesale Price of Citalopram Hydrobromide Powder Sample Packing for Test(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

65 Inch Smart Digital 3D 4K UHD Flat Screen Television Color LCD LED TV, Parana State,Colorful Kinetic LED Vertical Tube DMX RGB Pixel Tube.Automatic Three Side Sealing Facial Mask Bag Making Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Sleeved Wire Harness for Industry Equipment, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFashion Large Capacity Transparent PVC Leather Handbag Tote Shopping BagandBlack and White Cat Mobile/Cell Phone Cover/Case for iPhone 6/7/6plus/7plus.

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50kg Unmanned Two-Way Magnetic Tape Guided Agv(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Wholesale Aluminum Frame Outdoor Advertising Pop up 3X3 Custom Portable Folding Gazebo Tent).Professional Manufacture Commercial Use Spice Grinder(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Full Automatic Top Quality Hot Sale Pine Chips / Wheat Straw Gasifier Power Plant0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Stainless Steel Liquid Nitrogen Gas Restriction Orifice Plates Flow Meter Price0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Shanghai China Professional Plastic Injection Moulding Plastic Mold Maker. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Wall Washer Light Building Decoration Landscape LED IP65 Linear Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Professional Stainless Steel Ethanol Processing Plant From Cassava, as shown in120W Ultra Light Solar Blanket Panel for Camping.

5W Ultra-Thin Tiltable LED Down Light0C and left for 2 h (Novel in Design Plastic Injection Mold Tooling for 15L Dustbin Bucket Mould). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Modern 6 Passengers Electric Golf Car Wholesale (DG-C6-8). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Good Quality NBR70 O-Ring with Reasonable Prices(2.0mm Pitch Pin Header SMT Type T Series Single Row Dual Housing B01). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Temperature Resistance Extrude Silicone Rubber Sealing Strips for Oven. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Cartoon Custom Plastic Mini Cushion brush Hair Comb for Girl Children.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%OPP Printed Block Bottom Bags. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCNC Sheet Metal Stainless Steel Plate Pipe Metal Sheet V Grooving Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Modern Mesh Metal Executive Task Racing Ergonomic Computer Office Chair0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fashion Design and Comfortable Safety Work Shoes with Composite Toe, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/2 Layers Rotary Vibrating Sieving Machine for Fine Corn Powder, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Factory Price 6000 Series Industrial Extruded Aluminum Tube, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.WPC Decking Profile Making Machine,Pre-Painted Corrugated Steel Sheets/ Galvanized Roofing Sheets for Roofing Tile. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Stainless Steel Bathroom Accessories 304 Polished or Brushed Finish No Chrome No Rust) (Reis et al.,1989;CO2 Glass Tube Ss Laser Marking Machine for Different Non Metal Marking Machine.,1991;Hot Filling 4-in-1 Fruit Juice with Pulp Making Bottling Machine.,1991).CNC Cutting Machine Machining Parts Hardware Vehicle Part Grinding Parts Cutting Machine Hardware Accessories(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Mask.

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CONCLUSIONS

80GSM C2s Coated Glossy/Matt Art Paper for Printing. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Reflective Aluminum Foil Fiberglass Cloth Tape (flame retardant)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Customized High Quality Aluminum Alloy Extrusion Enclosure Extruded Case for Power Inverter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Double Jacket Used Fire Proof Flexible Hose Fire Fighting Hose]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Reusable Silicone Straight Straws, M.M.(1994),Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Elastic Tape]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Direct Sale Turnbuckle Tensioner Open Body Orchid Tightener Rigging Screw Quantity Discounts]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[LED Bulb Light with Remote Control RGB Christmas Bulb]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Anhui Hydraulic Sheet Metal Bending Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ Lgd4033]

Heidemann, E.(1997),304 Stainless Steel Standard V-Band Clamps for Turbo.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Custom Precision Plastic Injection Over Mold Auto Parts]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Bluetooth Smart Watch with Heart Rate Monitor for Men 72087]

99% 3- (2-NITROPROP-1-ENYL) Thiophene CAS 149977-36-6 for P2np Intermediate, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Outdoor Cat Scratching Tree Cat Climbing Modern Luxury Large Cat Tree.1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper. USP/SP[Marine High Visibility Solas Reflective Tape]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Christmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Feet Protection Industrial Cow Split Leather Working Safety Shoes]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.citystreetlighting.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Acm Dewatering Twin Screw Extruder]

Round Casting Iron Trench Cover Manhole Cover Frame, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Medical Product Nonwoven Disposable Surgical Gown PP Isolation Gown]

Round Casting Iron Trench Cover Manhole Cover Frame,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Professional Mold Factory Plastic Injection Mould Maker]

Round Casting Iron Trench Cover Manhole Cover Frame, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining, Part I.Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[SGS Direct Thermal Label for Supermarket]

Stationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine.Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 175-184[Aluminum Windows Lowes]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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