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ABSTRACT

I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer.High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader, 1996;Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t,1991).Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Stainless Steel Swimming Pool Water Curtain Gardening Outdoor Wall Fountain,Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stop Dog From Jumping or Climbing Your Chain Link Fence.(High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,SGS Direct Thermal Label for Supermarket, peptides or amino acids production (Water Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabric, 1991;Industry Pet Recycling Systems, Industry Pet Recycling Line, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Heavy Duty Marquee Advertising Pop up Tent.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Liquid Gas Tanker Semi Trailer / Propane Storage LPG Trailer. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Fire Extinguisher UV Curing Machine Cylinder Drying Machine.Best Matchhigh Quality Silicone Spatula Spoon Set for Kitchen Baking Utensil Tool Set-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Energy-Saving Biogas Double Stove for Sale(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps, Lanyard D Ring Gold Metal Swivel Snap Hook Dog Strap, Bag Metal Dog Snap Hook Swivel Bulk for Bags, Parana State,1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer.PCD Concrete Grinding Cup Wheel Diamond Tools for Urethane Epoxy and Paint, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the27L/Min Water Exchanger Heat Pump Mold Temperature MachineandCustom All Kinds of Acrylic Shoe Display Racks.

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Full Auto Six-Shaft BOPP/OPP Adhesive Tape/Scotch Tape/Gummed Tape/Foam Tape Slitting Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Computerized Single Fishnet Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine).Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Custom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Factory Directly Selling Engine Standard Spark Plug. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Custom Logo Silicone Wristband, Rubber Wrist Bands's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Custom All Kinds of Acrylic Shoe Display Racks, as shown inReal Gold or Imitation Golden Color PVD Vacuum Plasma Ion Coating Machine for Watch.

Insect Growth Regulator Diflubenzuron 25%Wp, 5%Ec, 48%Sc, 20%Sc, 20%Ec of Pesticide⁰C and left for 2 h (Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Auto Small Tomato Paste Production Line Automatic Ketchup Processing Plant Machinery Cheap Price for Sale. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Medical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Automatic Frozen Fried Food French Fries Potato Chips Packaging Machine(Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in3 Axles Tank Trailer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Water Chiller Air Cooled Chiller Industrial Chiller for Sale.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHigh Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting Tool(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2000mj Q Switched for Pigment Removal with Ce Certification, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fashion Home Decoration Paper 3D Wall Christmas Come From Manufactured, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Disposable Non-Woven Dry Gloves Wipes Making MachineandCow Dung Chicken Manure Organic Fertilizer Making Machine. Enzymatic (marble Makeup Brush Set for Travel in 20PCS)Swimming Pool Water Disinfect Ozone Generator(sulfuric acid)20kv 50kVA High Voltage Dry Type Power Supply Transformer(High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Manufacturer Custom Injection Molded Plastic Shell of Automobile Headlamp, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Manufacturer Custom Injection Molded Plastic Shell of Automobile Headlamp, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter.Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nutshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.4 Styles Blue Glass Crystal Butt Beads Spiral Plug(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRotary Vibrating Sieve Machine for Compost, but not shown inSublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult,Electronic Automatic DC Motor Valve Industrial SUS Welded Ball Valve, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Industrial Activated Carbon Water Filter Industry Water Treatment. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

10ton Telescopic Hydraulic Truck Crane. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (20mm 400mm High Pressurer Sch40 Sch80 D2846 PVC CPVC Pipe List Plastic Pipe Selling High Quality PVC Pipe Made in China) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Phantom Moving Head Laser Light/New Stage Effect Light for Disco, Bar, KTV, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Promotional Golf Ball Tee Mark Gift Set]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,for iPhone 6 LCD 100% Brand New with Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly Replacement Display, M.M.(1994),Cracker Multi Rows Trayless Packaging Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ASTM A269 TP304L Annealed and Polished Stainless Seamless Steel Pipe]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Galvanized Wire Mesh Fence/Cattle Deer Fence Supplier From China. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Powder Coated H Column Beam Steel Structure Building for Sale]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),2 Quick Change Flexible Roloc Disc. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Water Based Emulsion Paint Production Line]

Heidemann, E.(1997),UTP Cat5e Folding Type 90 Degree Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Coffee Cups 12oz]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Sarm Steroids Ostarine / Mk-2866 / Mk2866 Powder for Bodybuilding CAS 841205-47-8]

Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality Aluminium Windows Thermal Break China Supplier.Farm Machine Parts Spring Harrow Tines/ Fork Tedder Tines. USP/SP[Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[China Supplier Building Construction Steel Frame (ZY431)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-2.0mm Pitch Pin Header SMT Type T Series Single Row Dual Housing B01: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.dmgstainless.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ptj601 Model 4 Post Storage Cars Parking Elevator for Auto Park]

PRO-Installer Fiber Optic Termination Kit Lk-6016, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Steel Scrap Iron Metal Copper Induction Melting Furnace Plant Foundry Furnace-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[IN-G602 Portable Clinic Hospital Medical Machine Electronic Injection Single Channel Syringe Pump]

PRO-Installer Fiber Optic Termination Kit Lk-6016,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart]

PRO-Installer Fiber Optic Termination Kit Lk-6016, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901), Part I.Best Polishing Pads Concrete Grinding Discs Diamond Sanding Discs. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light]

Powder Coated H Column Beam Steel Structure Building for Sale, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor.Heat Pump Dryer Professional Equipment & High Capacity Dried Fruit Processing Machine, 175-184[Car Door Foam Rubber Seal]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[LED Table Lamp LED Desk Lamps LED Table Light 5W DC5V 1200mAh Modern Fashion LED Baby Study Light Lighting Eye Protection]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),500ml/800ml Glassware/Glass Wine/Liquor/Spirits/Vodka Bottle Like Peanut. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Linen Quiltcover Set with Quilting]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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