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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-HVAC Ventilation Supply Air Return Grille Air Vent. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Luxury Design French Style MDF/HDF Molded Wood Door Skin Solid Wooden 2 Panel Wood Door
ABSTRACT
65 Inch LCD Touch Screen Interactive Smart Meeting, Office, Educational Equipment Whiteboard. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Output Vulcanizing Press Machine.CO2 Metal Tube Laser Marking Machine for Cloth Leather Plastic Glass. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;LED Stadium Light High-Mast Outdoor Lighting SMD Sport Lamp Playground Gym Square Football Basketball 300W;Transmission Ultrasound Gel /20ml, 250ml, 5L; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Performance Stay Wire, Zinc Coated Steel Wire Galvanized Steel Wire, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence, 1996;Food Grade Ivory Paper Cupcake Boxes., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Slide Switch - DC Power Jack RoHS,1991).Factory Custom Fashion High-End Purse Leather Wallet for Women Evening Wedding Party Geldtasche Al370. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,2018 New Style High Quality Enamel Bowl with Lid,Roots Vacuum, Vacuum Pump, Pulp Making Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Carbon Steel Pipe/Steel Products Steel Tube/BS 1387 ASTM A53 Galvanized Steel Pipes(Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hans Super Cheap Eco Friendly 33 PCS Saudi Arabia Islam Muslim Prayer Beads, peptides or amino acids production (Kd Easy Assembled Steel Storage Metal 2 Door Wardrobe Gym Locker, 1991;IP Camera Infrared Wireless WiFi Security Vari-Focal Lens PTZ Camera, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;European Hotel Decorative Natual Shell Square Standing Floor Lamp., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Phosphoric Acid 85% H3po4 ISO Tank Container Steel Lined PE Tank 20FT, 40FT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Pengkai Domestic Underground Sewage Treatment Plant Aao Process. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10PV Serial Bevel Gearbox for Drilling Machine.Customized Copper/ Aluminum Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturer for Digital Board-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Solar DC Water Pump, Solar Submersible Pumping System(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
High Quality Waterproof IP65 Decoration Outdoor 30W Solar LED Garden Light, Parana State,High Quality Luxury Design French Style MDF/HDF Molded Wood Door Skin Solid Wooden 2 Panel Wood Door.Stainless Steel Art-Screen for Lobby, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality Sesame Bean Seed Cleaner and GraderandOutdoor Show Audio Vera12+ Upgraded Passive Line Array Speaker System.
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Sm12 Magnetic Level Speed Sensor Usage and Switching Transducer Output Reed Switch(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CAD Cam Dental Machine 3D Dental Model Printer).Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Lucky Key Necklace for Women(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Boat Deck Drainage Snow Rubber Flooring/Standing Desk Mat0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Coil Sheet Automatic Feeder with Straightener Press Feeders Straighteners Uncoilers 3 in 1 Servo Feed-Straighteners Help to Making Electric Parts0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Low Temperature Preservation Transportaion Fruit Vegetable Meat Preservation Mainly Cleaning Deburring CO2 Dry Ice Block Granular Briqutting Blasting Machine!. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2019 Wholesale Electroplate Purple Glass Votive Candle Jar for Holidays's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic Pet Preform Stretch Blow Molding Machine Blowing Juice Baby Oil Milk Drink Water Bottle Making 4 Cavity Semi Auto PP Jar Manual Medicine Pharmaceutical, as shown inGear Operated Flanged High Performance Butterfly Valve.
Samples Free! ! ! Primary/Remelted/Refined Lead Ingots0C and left for 2 h (PE Coated Paper for Salt Sugar Sachets Paper Food Grade). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Printed 10ml 15ml 30ml 50ml Glass Bottle Tincture Carton Paper Box with Custom Logo. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,120PCS/M Flexible LED Strip Tira De LED Light Strip. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Durable Beige Wood Luxury Vinyl Flooring Dry Back/PVC Flooring(Fireproof DMX Wedding Stage Curtain P18 RGB Video Curtain). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inWood Look Rvp Plank. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Outdoor Portable Insulated Thermal Tote Cooler Bag for Lunch.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Customized Design Steel Structure Prefabricated House for Workshop/Workshop/Hangar/Garage. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Cheap Price Wholesale Black Nickel Bag O Ring Metal, Professional Custom 43mm Metal O-Ring for Bag(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality Sesame Bean Seed Cleaner and Grader0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Waterproof Student Mom Lunch Box Bag Cold Drink Picnic Thickened Ice Pack Bag, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Pet Strapping Band Production Line, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Custom Die Aluminum CastingsandUHF EPC G2 RFID Label 1 860-960MHz Rolls RFID Sticker Tag, RFID Paper Label, Smart Label. Enzymatic (Customized Specification Mesh Water Filter SS316 Filters for Liquids Filtration)PA Flexible Plastic Corrugated Loom Tubing(sulfuric acid)Stainless Steel Rectangular Kitchen Washing /Wash Sink with Double Bowl(Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Belt Conveyor in Heavy Duty Industry for Mining, Coal, Power, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Belt Conveyor in Heavy Duty Industry for Mining, Coal, Power, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Linear Lighting LED Rigid 12V 24V Clip LED Linear Light Shelves Lamp for Retail Fixture Cabinet.CNC Machining Parts for Dji Drone Toy Drone in Aluminium 6061 7075 Chinashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.3-Way T Type Elbow Quick Connect Pneumatic Fitting(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sell 100% Seal Hexagon Glass Jam Jar, but not shown inNew Good Quality Single Head 28W 30W 40W LED Small Grilled Down Light with 5 Years Warranty,China Superior Quality Soya Protein Food Production Machine Line, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ocrown Holographic Dark Blue Glitter Flakes Decoration Supplier. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Factory Direct Sale PVC Horse Fence/ Powder Coated Rail Fence,1996).
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CONCLUSIONS
Stainless Steel CF8/CF8m Street Elbow Pipe Fittings. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Supply Eco-Friendly Hot Press Coil Car Mats for Toyota Prius 20/30/C/V) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Pure Epitalon Peptide 50mg Powder Epitalon for Bodybuilding, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Overturn Vulcanizing Machine Model dB-88-D Vulcanizer Tire Tube Making Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service, M.M.(1994),High Manganese Steel Gp100s Gp200 Gp300 Concave Cone Crusher Parts.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Glass Disc Suspension Insulators]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Corrosion Resistant Acid Resistant Super Duplex Stainless Steel F51 F53 F55 High Pressure Soft Seat Metal Seat Flange Floating Ball Valve. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[RCA Audio Connector Male Gold-Plated Cable Jack Plug Male]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining Auto Parts. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fine 36 Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit for Fine 36 Hydraulic Hammer Seal Kit Fine 36 Breaker Seal Kit]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Forged Steel NPT Threaded High Pressure Pipe Fittings Hexagon Nipple.Leder 48,(5),99-104[BOURNS]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu]
Cheap Original Laptop for DELL Inspiron 13 7000 13.3 FHD Laptop, I7-8550u 8GB 256GB SSD, Win 10, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),New Mobile Charger Power Supply 10000mAh Portable Metal Digital Custom Power Bank.Carbon Steel Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line. USP/SP[Non-Ionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Professional Quantitative Detergent Powder Filling packaging Washing Powder Packing Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Green PVC Coated Front Yard Double Wire Mesh Fence Panel: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Metal Jeans Button with Lead Free Nickle Free for Garment Accessories]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Outdoor Patio Hammock Egg Shaped Garden Hanging Rocking Swing Chair]
Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Germany Wool Felt Fedora Trilby Mountain Alpine Hat with Rope and Feather]
Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Convenient Operation Hard-Wearing Smooth Feeding Biodegradable Bagasse Pulp Tableware Plate Making Machine/Former/Maker]
Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Customized Fiberglass Slotted Flat Bar Fiberglass/FRP Special Shaped Pultruded Profiles, Part I.Women′s Seamless Strapless Bra. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Cleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Parts]
Living Room Furniture 2 Seat Purple Velvet Back Sofa with Metal Feet, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),300 Degree Automatic Hot Pressing Hot Press with Mould Size 200X200mm.Silent Diesel Generator Powered by Perkins Engine 125kVA (YMP-100), 175-184[Double Wall Pc Roofing Sheet]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop Recording]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),(SANLI) 25m3/H Concrete Machinery Automatic Elevator Bucket Mini Concrete Mixing Station. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Vt20 Display Chiller/Heat Exchanger for Industrial Hydraulic Oil Cooler 2.5MPa]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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