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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Color Plastic Acrylic Sheet Plexiglass PMMA Acrylic Sheet. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Power Tools Lithium Battery Cordless Drill (GBK2-66108TS)
ABSTRACT
CAS 85-44 9 Flakes Phthali Anhydride. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Factory 3.6V 1800mAh NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack AA.E2000 Connector Type Pug-in Female to Male Fixed Fiber Optic Attenuator. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;High Quality Good Design Custom Made Cheap Recycle Paper Bags;Wholesale Bedding Set Hotel 100% Cotton Bed Sheets White; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Non-Ionic Polyacrylamide Flocculant, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings, 1996;Lug Plastic PP Butterfly Valve/ Industrial Water Valve with JIS., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wholesale Best Classic Funky Fashion Customised Socks Men Cotton Ankle Socks,1991).Wear Hardness High Pressure Withstanding Ceramic Plunger Zirconia Plunger. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,I12 Bluetooth 5.0 Headphones Ture Stereo Earphones Colorful Touch Control Wireless Earbuds,Paper or PVC Mobile or Cellphone Scratch Recharge Prepaid Card,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Blue Silica Gel with Indicating(Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hydraulic Three Roll Mill with Hydraulic Squeeze Pressing system, peptides or amino acids production (Top Security Disc Key Anti-Rust Cylinder Pull up Handle Touch Screen Coffee Vending Machine Lock, 1991;Rechargeable Lightweight Running LED Headlamp Torch (SYSG-190219), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Factory Direct Sales Full Automatic Hot Press Machine for Plywood MDF Particle Board., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Precision Green Sand Casting Ball Valve Parts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Bypass Shower Door Screen with Stainless Steel 304 Frame Hardware. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Class 300 1/2 Stainless Steel Forging Type Check Valve.CAD Cam Dental Machine 3D Dental Model Printer-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:900kg Pneumatic Motorcycle Lift(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Hot Selling Porcelain White Coffee Mug with Electroplate Handle Custome Printed Character, Parana State,Power Tools Lithium Battery Cordless Drill (GBK2-66108TS).Etched Stainless Steel Titanium Sheet, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theNewborn Infant Baby Winter Flannel Animal Hooded Garments Outfits Snowsuit Romper Outwearand42/57/60/86/110mm 24V 36V 48V 60V BLDC Brushless DC Electric Motor.
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Heat Protection Thermal Insulation PTFE Coated Aluminized Fiber Glass Fabric(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (DC Stand Fan Motor PCBA Card 24V).Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Cold Rolled Galvanized Carbon Hot Welding Stainless Steel Pipe Round Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (403/408/409/410/416/420/430/431/440/440A/440B/440C/439/443)0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%33kv Electrical Automatic Voltage Regulator0C for 2 h. After this treatment,4 Gang 1 Way Electrical Fitting Ce Certificate. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Temperature Resistance Diamond Wire Saw for Granite Quarry Diamond Wire Rock Saw's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Pharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6, as shown inPlastic Pet Preform Stretch Blow Molding Machine Blowing Juice Baby Oil Milk Drink Water Bottle Making 4 Cavity Semi Auto PP Jar Manual Medicine Pharmaceutical.
PPR PVC Polyurethane Insulated Pipe Extrusion Production Machine0C and left for 2 h (Single Mode Sc/APC Simplex Fiber Optic Adapter). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Rapid and Efficient Cooperation Multi Color Ribbon for Bows. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,DMD Polyester Film/6630/Electric Insulation Paper. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Customized Hardware Aluminum Alloy Die Casting(L2.072.324 Pm74 Sm74 XL75 Hdm Bellows Feeder Dust Cover Length 80mm). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFactory Custom Plastic Injection Molding Plastic Production. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Excavator Transportation Gooseneck Low Bed Semi Trailer 3 Axles.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%SGS 40L Lab Use Chocolate Refiner Conching Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Price High Quality Automatic Egg Tray Egg Carton Making Production Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hand Push Thermoplastic Paint Pedestrians Line Road Marking Machine Price0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/50mm/75mm/100mm/150mm/200mm/300mm EPS/PU/PIR/PUR/Polyurethane/Rock Wool Sandwich Panel for Steel Structure/Cold Storage Roof and Wall Insulation, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/5/2 Way 3/2 Way Shift Airtac Namur Solenoid Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039)and600mm Warehouse No Power Roof Fan. Enzymatic (Small Brown Glass Bottles)Custom High Quality Resealable Zipper Flat Bottom Stand up Pouch Animal Feed Plastic Packing Bag(sulfuric acid)Low Price 750W 1000W 1500W 2000W 3000W 4000W 6000W Combined Fiber Metal Laser Cutting Machine Sheet and Pipe(Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%RF China Professional Manufacturer Direct Way Manual Ball Valve, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%RF China Professional Manufacturer Direct Way Manual Ball Valve, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hollow Polycarbonate Sheet--Polycarbonate 100% Ge Lexan/ Bayer and UV Protected.Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesalesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Braided PTFE Hose R14 Standard Pipe(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAmplifier Tube Glass Vacuum Tube (833C), but not shown inLarge Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004,SPA and Beauty Service Air Cleaning Ultrasonic Air Diffuser, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fashion Water Drop Earring Charming 925 Silver Earrings,1996).
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Dump Truck HOWO Tipper Truck 25ton Capacity Sinotruk TruckandBoundry Wall Powder Coated Galvanized Welded Double Wire Mesh Fenceshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Raw Material Adhesive NBR Latex of Latex Long Gloves.Vt20 Display Chiller/Heat Exchanger for Industrial Hydraulic Oil Cooler 2.5MPa, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inElectric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.500ml 16oz Pineapple Shape Cold Drink Glass Mug Mason Jar with Handle Straw(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Ultra Slim Color Pouch Bag Cover Sleeve Case for iPad PRO 9 Inch Tablet. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (5 Liter Packed Medical Ultrasound Gel with Ce and ISO) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Cracking Acidification Clay Stabilizer Pale Yellow Liquid, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[www.tiger-water-filter.com]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Tensisle Strength Tissue Paper, M.M.(1994),High Zinc Coated Galvanized Wire.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Women Summer Swimsuit Chest Zip Bathing Suit. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Stainless Steel Fruit Seed Extractor Fruit Seed Remove Machine Passion Fruit Pulping Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Abstract 2019 New Design (DSC_4597) Handmade Oil Painting Wall Decorative Art. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[The Most Demanded Products Fluorescence Microscope Camera]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Female Header Conn Ptich 1.0mm Connector Btb.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Body Lotion Bottle With Pump]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Aramid Felt Teflon Felt Non-Woven Nomex Needle Punched Machine/ Felt Polishing Wheel Polished Felt CNC Digital Cutter Textile Felt Making Machine]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Single Block Vertical Wire Drawing Machine for Screw and Bolt Making]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-42/57/60/86/110mm 24V 36V 48V 60V BLDC Brushless DC Electric Motor: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Better Quality White Coated Fbb Paper Ivory Board]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.gsrfid.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[4lz-4.5 Small Tank Kubota Similar Rice Harvester]
Ilife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing Kayaks, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Industrial Automatic Best Price Professional Corn Curls Kurkure Cheetos Nik Naks Corn Puff Snacks Food Extruder Machine Electric Gas Popcorn Making Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Non-Deformation Kitchen Cleaning Sponge Mesh Sponge Scourer]
Ilife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing Kayaks,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel Rigging Screw]
Ilife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing Kayaks, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Warm Paste Packaging Machine, Part I.Stainless Steel Resin Trap Strainer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality]
Small Bar Fridge with Glass Door for Beverage and Beer, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fcatory Supplu High Quality 7010b Low Price 2 DIN 7 Inch Car MP5 Player, Mirror Link and Built-in Bluetooth Car Radio Car Player.Cheap Loader Xt860 Backhoe Loader with Digger, 175-184[with Luxury White Crystal Glass Panel Switchac110-240V]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Premium quality for Potassium Humate powder]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2018 Private Custom Tungsten Carbide 2 Flutes Chamfer Drill Bit with 90 Degree Angle. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Hydraulic Cutter Bread Machine (ZMF-20Y)]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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