ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Conventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality HDPE Pipe Fitting Flange Cast Iron Plate Flange.Ce Marked Medical Syringe Pump (WP08N). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.CCTV 2.0megpixel Mini Wdm HD-Ahd Pinhole Camera, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Electro Galvanized Low Carbon Straight Cut Wire, 1996;Geotextile for Roofs, Civil Applications. Railway Work., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Pneumatic Shuttle Valve Flange Ends,1991).Stx825 Dual 15 Powerful PA Speaker, Speaker Box. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ce Approval Biscuit Trayless Packing Machine (MZ-250B),Matt Black Silver Stamping Magnetic Closure 5 Tray 3 Tray Gift Box for Lashes,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Mini High Frequency IGBT Induction 5kg Gold Melting Furnace with Crucible(Electro Galvanized Low Carbon Straight Cut Wire, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Commercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click, peptides or amino acids production (5ml Portable Mini Aluminum Refillable Perfume Bottle with Spray Empty Cosmetic Containers with Atomizer for Traveler, 1991;Le1-D25 Controlling Motor 220V 25A Three Phase Magnetic Starter, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Best Price Plastic Spc Click PVC Vinyl Flooring for 5mm., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Electro Galvanized Low Carbon Straight Cut Wire, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰SS316 Easy Install Quick Clean Motorized Sanitary Ball Valve with Tri Clamp Ends.Hot Sale Scc730 High Efficiency Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand Vibrator(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle Cutting, Parana State,Practical Aluminium Alloy Sofa Release Handle Replacement Recliner Chair Parts.High Quality Screw Tools Tungsten Carbide Shaped Cold Heading Dies, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Electro Galvanized Low Carbon Straight Cut Wire, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDrive Travel Car Inflatable Bedand1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable).

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ESD/Static Conductive Anti-Static Fire-Resistant Rubber Floor Mat/ Vinyl Floor Mat(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (3000lb Small Boat Marine Electric Trailer Winch Power-in).400m/Min Shaft Less Slitting Machine for BOPP Pet OPP Films(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Small Capacity Automatic Cup Filling Machine⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Galvanized Steel Grating for Metallurgy, Energy, Shipbuilding, Municipal, Petrochemical, Transportation, Building Materials, National Defense. 255. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)2019 New Release Doypack Sachet Powder Packing Machine Price, as shown inCommercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click.

Amplifier Tube Glass Vacuum Tube (833C)⁰C and left for 2 h (PV Serial Bevel Gearbox for Drilling Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Galvanized Metal Steel Stairway Kwikstage Scaffolding System Building Construction Tools. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,New Style Custom Logo Makeup Multi Colored Eyeshadow Palette. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Supplier China Steel Stamping Cars Polished Aluminum Sheet Metal Price Custom Sheet Metal Bending(EPDM). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStorage Shelves Rack. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,20cm Titanium Aluminum Stainless Steel Non Stick Fry Pan on Sale.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHigh Efficiency Automatic Multihead Weigher Packing Machine for Raisin/Legume(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.PE100 Plasitc Pipe for Gas Water Chemcial Sewage System⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Promotion Indian Market Underwear Adhesive Glue, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/700 Bar Hydraulic Stressing Jack Pump Hydraulic Power Pack Unit, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Carbon Steel Spherical Plain Radical Bearings. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Supply AS/NZS 1577 Australia Kwikstage Scaffolding Steel Planks) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Rubber Door Handle Protector]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,12V 24V 36V 72V 84V Customized Lithium Ion LiFePO4 Battery Charger for E-Bike, M.M.(1994),IR Laser Diode 940nm Infrared To56 Package 250MW Laser Diode for Beauty Equipment.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ 30X30]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-New Powder Spray Booth for Metal Furniture. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[China Professional Shipping Agent to Turkey]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Small Tin Box for Condoms. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fireproof Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[CAS 85-44 9 Flakes Phthali Anhydride]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Teflon for Industrial Plastic Gasket Seal with Good Quality]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[CO2 Glass Tube Laser Marking Machine for Non-Metallic Material]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Eco-Friendly Round Head Screw Hex Anchor Eye Bolt for Power Industrial]

Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Sand Agent Tp40 Is an Ideal Art-Type Additive for Powder Coating]

Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Multi-Port Ss 304 Manual Three Way Non-Retention Ball Valve]

Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe, Part I.40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Easy Soak off OEM 10ml Gel Nail Polish]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Wholesale Plastic Pet Bowl with a Cap Pet Basin Bowl Factory]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Large Size Stone Aluminum Honeycomb Panel for Facade]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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