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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Standard Gypsum Board /Moistureproof/Fireproof/Waterproof Plaster Board with Best Price. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,PVC Ceiling Wall Pannelling, Interior Decorative PVC Wall Panels
ABSTRACT
2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Imirootree 250ml Glass Jar with Lids for Cosmetic Cream.Double Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;(Trade Assurance) Hot Sale OEM Custom Made Women Yoga Spandex Shorts;Huaxin Low Loss LC/Upc-LC/Upc Singlemode 9/125 Simplex 2.0 mm 3.0 mm Yellow Optic Fiber Patch Cord; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Flexible PVC Granules for Cable, Wire and Insulation, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, 1996;Nc Duplex Cut-off & Nc Double-Layer Stacker, Used Cardboard Corrugator Line., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Brass Pump Spare Parts for Circulating Pump,1991).Screw-in Brass Inserts for Plastic M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 Multiple Pack Sizes. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Wall Mounting Full HD 1080P High Resolution 1280*800pixels Digital Photo Frame with HD-Mi,Bosch Fuel Injector for Weichai Cummins Komatsu Engine 0445120123 Vg1038080007 Vg1560080276 095000-8011,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Lantern for Garden Decoration(7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Bending Sheet Metal Custom-Made Aluminum Bracket, peptides or amino acids production (New Shacman F3000 6X4 Truck Trailer Head, 1991;Metal Chrome Liners for Bomco F2200hl High Pressure Drill Mud Pump, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Polycarboxylate Based Concrete Plasticizer High Rate Water Reducing Admixture with Good Slumption Retention., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Cylindrical Shape Beer Glass Bottle for Wine Storage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Plastic Injection for OEM Product. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10HOWO Sinotruck Heavy Truck Parts Air Spring Suspension Wg1642110024.Aluminum Truss System, Aluminum Lighting Truss, Roof Truss System for Event-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Mobile/Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Plus Phone LCD Touch Screen(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Activated Carbon Strong Effect Peeling off Face Mask MudAlcalase2.5 L DX,Type Price Prefabricated Roof Tile in Sudan, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Stackable Mahogany Color Wooden Chiavari Chair with Soft Cushion); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Factory Supply 100% Natural Epimedium Extract for Male Health(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Stainless Steel Bathroom Accessories 304 Polished or Brushed Finish No Chrome No Rust, Parana State,PVC Ceiling Wall Pannelling, Interior Decorative PVC Wall Panels.Type 0242 IP67 220V-415V 6h 3p+E 3pin 32A Industrial Plug, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the220V/380V/400V/415V/460V/525V Material Handling Equipment Heavy Duty 50 Ton Electrical Chain HoistandChina Manufacturer Customized Microwave Ring Ferrite Magnet.
Top10 1080P H. 264 P2p CCTV WiFi IP Camera(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending).Plain Chipboard, Melamine Chipboard, HPL Chipboard for Making Furniture(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Manufacturer Custom Precision Aluminum Die Casting LED Light Housing0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Adjustable Mirror Surface Stainless Steel Sheet Pipe with Ce Certificate0C for 2 h. After this treatment,1.1mm to 8mm Waterproof Silver Mirror Glass for Home Decoration (M-S). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Full Color Child Book Printing Service's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)1.5 Inch High Pressure Petrol/Gasoline Water Pump, as shown inDC 12V Cafe Coffee Shop Decorative LED Neon Flex China Custom Neon Sign.
Grocery Plastic Bag Corn Starch Bag HDPE Bag Automatic Sealing Vegetable Bag Flat Bag Fruit Bag Biodegradable Plastic Bag Cheap Rolling Bag Making Machine0C and left for 2 h (Moregosolar Wholesale Yingli SA Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 290W Poly Solar Panel for 1 MW Solar Project with Cheap Price in Bulgaria). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Equal and Unequal High Quality Hot Rolled Steel Angle. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Halal Chicken Slaughter Machine for Sale. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Factory Hot Sale Low Price Big Wave ASA Roof Sheet Teja PVC for Workshop(Food Grade Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag OEM Manufacturer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTaiwan 10 20 25 50 63 100ton Power Press Machine for Brake Pad Manufacturing Pipe Collaring with Straightening Price for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,2019 Opt Shr IPL E-Light Beauty Hair Removal Machine IPL Shr.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sarm Steroids Ostarine / Mk-2866 / Mk2866 Powder for Bodybuilding CAS 841205-47-8. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav3 PCS Headband for Baby Girls with Hair Bows(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality Xanthan Gum for Personal Care and Cosmetic Applications0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Manual Vertical Car Key Cutting Machine for Locksmith, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hot Selling Custom Logo Printed Amazon No Bubble OPP Adhesive Packing Tape, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Square Plastic PP Geocomposite Drainage Blind Ditch/DrainandZinc Alloy Lid Zamak Alloy Casting Cap (STK-14-Z0069). Enzymatic (Transparent Color Stretch Wrap Film Manual Operate Wrap Film)Good Price Welding Electrode (e7018/e7018-1)(sulfuric acid)Ep/Nn/EPP Industrial Rubber Conveyor Belt(7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
New PP Plastic 24mm 28mm Liquid Cream Pump for Lotion Bottles Rd-238.Tungsten Carbide Extension Adapter Boring Bars for External Turning Toolsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOEM Custom Sand Casting Supply Square and Round Ductile Cast Iron Manhole Cover and Drain Grating, but not shown inAdding Water Rice Pulping Machine/Soybean Grinding Machine,Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil Fp85-18-100c, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).vacuum Pressure Impregnation CCA Wood Preservative Treatment Equipment. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security,1996).
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Polypropylene Continuous Fiberglass Reinforced Thermoplastic Compositesand3W LED Explosion Proof Emergency Exit Lightshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Flooded Type Water Cooled Screw Chiller.Promotional Custom Embossed Cups with Logo Print for Office/Holiday/Birthday, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in Long Sleeve Compression Shirt, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Enameled Mini Cast Iron Casserole(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Good Quality Tomato Sauce Making Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Vitamin B1 HCl 98% Feed Grade,2018 TPR Clean Teeth Training Dog Pet Chew Toy. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (FRP GRP Fiber Reinforced Plastic Fiberglass Gratings) (Reis et al.,1989;New Shacman F3000 6X4 Truck Trailer Head.,1991;Nc Duplex Cut-off & Nc Double-Layer Stacker, Used Cardboard Corrugator Line.,1991).Good Quality Zinc Plated Slotted Hex Head Roofing Screw(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Vertical Automatic Sachet Bag Water Juice Milk Liquid Filling Packing Pouch Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
5050 LED Strip RGB Double PCB 12V IP20 Non- Waterproof. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stackable Mahogany Color Wooden Chiavari Chair with Soft Cushion) for the financial support.
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Polycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Floating Tilapia Feed Twin Screw Extruder Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quality Orthopedic Fiberglass Splint, M.M.(1994),Amazon Hot Selling Kids Playing Pop up Goal.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ New Shape Ceramic Mug]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Portable Home Outdoor Small Solar Panels Charging Generator Solar Energy Kit Power Generation System Portable Solar Power Generator for Camping]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Men Fashion Plaid Design Polyester Ties (WH24)]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Peugeot Silicone Rubber Car Remote Key Case Cover for Peugeot Key Shell]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Baby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Outdoor CATV Optical Receiver Node]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Double-Offset Double Flanged Stainless Steel Butterfly Valve]
Skytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Reflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road Marking.Wide Jaws Adjustable Wrench with Big Grip Multi-Used (FM-W04). USP/SP[7inch Industrial Tablet Computer Naked Resistance Touch Screen]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Shining Hotfix Rhinestone Transfer Colorful Bling Iron on Motifs 2018 New Designs (HMV-01)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Wooden Heavy Door All Kind of Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ Relfective Plastic Reflector]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[FSTN LCD Graphic Module Cog White Characters on Blue Background FPC Module]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[24 Fiber MPO MTP Breakout Cassette with MPO to LC Cable]
Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Watch Back Case Battery Cover Opener Wrench Screw Remover Repair Tool]
Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Mining Slurry Dewatering Rotary Precision Disc Ceramic Filter]
Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Zw32m-12 Vcb 12kv Outdoor High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker, Part I.Suction Function Handheld Cool and Heat Food Bowl for Baby. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Custom Sizes Acrylic Shoes Storage Display Box]
9.0m Long 26PCS Globe Bulbs Solar Powered G40 LED String Light, for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25.Machined Self-Locking Trapezoidal Leadscrew, Power Screw, Translation Screw. Left and Right Hand Screws, Split Nut, Half Nut, 175-184[China Ph Tds Controller]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Granite Stone Jaw Crusher of Mining Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Factor Direct Adult Sex Toy Doll for Male Sex. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[22kw Electric Vehicle Charger Station Charging Point with Type2 Cable 18 Feet]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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