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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Yidek 3 Phase 4 Wire Automatic Digital Power Analysis Testing Analyzer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane
ABSTRACT
Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids.Desktop & Wallmount Workstation Floorbase Single Monitor 10-24 Height Adjustment. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Wholesale Custom Football Net Soccer Goal Net for Sale;8 in 1 3.1 USB C Type C Hub with 4K HDMI Adapter for MacBook PRO; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard, 1996;Custom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (New Invention 2017 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling,1991).Driving System for Hybrid Stepper Motor Dm860A. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Atf-805 Auto Transmission System Flushing Machine with CE/SGS,Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Snf-B/Fdn-B/ Sodium Naphthalene Formaldehyde/ Water Reducing Admixture(Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Food Package Aluminum Foil Tray Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Business Class Eyeshade Quality Travel Eye Mask Sleeping Eye Cover, 1991;Factory Price 6mm Stainless Steel Wire Rope 7*7, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Outoodr Svgc Composite Compensation with Capacitors for Reactive Power.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2019 Wholesale New Notebook Computers for DELL Inspiron 17.3 Core I7-8550 16GB RAM 2tb HDD Radeon 530 DVD Win10 Laptop. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer.Blue White Yellow Red Black Nylon Mosquito Window Netting-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hot Sale Spraying Drying Equipment(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Food Kitchen Mini Milling Electric Grinding Maize and Flour Making MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,LED Solar Powered Traffic Blinking Emergency Light, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Die-Casting LED Projector Light 840W Outdoor Sport Field Light High Mast Light 150lm/W); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Fiberglass Pultruded Pipe, FRP Profiles, FRP Pultrusion Tube(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Humic Acid Bio-Fertilizer Granule Making Machine, Parana State,Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane.Food Grade Silicone Baby Pacifier for Newborns, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the 20%ScandManufacturer of Soda Ash Dense 99 2% Price.
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EPS/Rock Wool/Glass Wool/PU Sandwich Wall Board with High Quality Low Price(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Design 4*2 Street Cleaning Machine Sweeping Truck with Brushes).Motor Bearing Automobile Bearing Self-Aligning Ball Bearing(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Asphalt Roofing Sheet Asphalt Shingle Roof Coating Architectrual Shingles0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Downspout Pipe Roll Forming Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,4mm Vinyl Plank Floor Lvt Click Lock Wood PVC Spc Click Vinyl Flooring. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Novel in Design Plastic Injection Mold Tooling for 15L Dustbin Bucket Mould's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Custom Stainless Steel Double Small Torsion Spring, as shown inMagnifying Mirror Shaving Mirror 2X.
1 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve0C and left for 2 h (CAS No: 1317-80-2 Anatase Rutile TiO2 Titanium Dioxide Powder). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Industrial Rubber Nylon Conveyor Belting Automotive Parts. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Small Leather Shoes Craft Laser Cutting Machine(Outdoor Concert Stage Equipment Aluminum Stage Portable Stage). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inImported Material Industrial Paper Mill Fabric Paper Making Press Felt for Paper Making Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Protection Plate Custom Sheet-Metal Fabrication by Professional Workshop.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Baby Toothbrush Kids Silicone Finger Brush, Baby Finger Toothbrush. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavDurable Comfortable Rubber Non Slip Mouse Pad Wrist Rest(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Food Grade Stainless Steel Milk Dairy Equipment for Factory0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Sun-160 Full Automatic Electric Driven Weighing Cups Filling Packing Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Plastic Colored Custom Foam Shampoo Pet Bottle with Cosmetic Pump, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
0.8ton 800kg Mini/Small Hydraulic Crawler Excavator Garden Digger MachineandLow Frequency 3000W 24V 230V Inverter with Battery Charger. Enzymatic (Amazon Best Selling Sports Ankle Support Sleeves Compression)Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Tester(sulfuric acid)8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staples(Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%ASTM Iron Sand Casting Parts, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%ASTM Iron Sand Casting Parts, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
200W/300W Die Casting Aluminum LED Profile Spot Effect Light.Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Batteryshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.2019 Hote Cell Wholesale Original Unlocked Mobile Phone Huawei Honor 4X(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBiodegradable Star Sealing Garbage Bag-on-Roll Plastic Trash Bag Making Machine, but not shown inFTTX Solution Provider Fiber Optical 12cores MPO Cassette,Ce Approved Sperm Concentration Test for Sperm Density Test, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard,1996).
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Waterproofed 4WD Boat Truck Winch 12000 Lbs 12 V Electrical Cable Winch Ce ApprovedandHot Sale Instax Mini Camera Korea Style Photo Albumshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Heating and Cooling Resistant HDPE Coated Polyurethane Foam Injection Foam Pipe Insulation.Sand Casting Parts Large Size for Industrial Use, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inSterile Dsiposable Syringe for Dental 12ml, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Durable Steel Retainer Plastic Road Safety Trench Cover(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Iron Cast Brake Drums for Trucks, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Eco-Friendly Barware Food Grade Stainless Steel 304 Reusable Custom Straws,Folding Aluminium Easy Move Choral Stage with Wheels for School. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Industrial Rubber Nylon Conveyor Belting Automotive Parts) (Reis et al.,1989;Business Class Eyeshade Quality Travel Eye Mask Sleeping Eye Cover.,1991;Custom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service.,1991).Factory Direct Sale Turnbuckle Tensioner Open Body Orchid Tightener Rigging Screw Quantity Discounts(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,330FT 842-12-12.5 Powder Coated Pasture Sheep Wire Mesh Farm Fencing.
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CONCLUSIONS
Dental Equipment Dental Intraoral Camera Endoscope 17 Inch LCD Monitor. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Die-Casting LED Projector Light 840W Outdoor Sport Field Light High Mast Light 150lm/W) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Computerized Single Fishnet Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Clutch Bag Leather]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Low Volume Large Variety Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts, M.M.(1994),Milk Cream Disc Centrifugal Separator.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ASTM A240 321 Stainless Steel Sheet Price Per Kg]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ CNC Lathe Machine Milling]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Bobcat Skid Steer Loader Bucket Teeth 6737325lp. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Bending Sheet Metal Custom-Made Aluminum Bracket]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Industrial 30W/50W/80W/100W/120W/150W/200W/300W Remote Control LED Solar Street Flood Lawn Gardern Wall Solar Light. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Stainless Steel Counter Top Working Table Chiller.Leder 48,(5),99-104[ASTM ASME A106 Gr B Black Carbon Welded Steel Pipe]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Engine Parts Rubber High Quality Timing Belt 111ru25]
FTTX Solution Provider Fiber Optical 12cores MPO Cassette, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Cashew Grading Machine for Cashew Processing Line.4X4 Wd Car Tail Light for Ranger 2012-2016. USP/SP[White HPL 600*600mm Coffee Table]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Full Automatic Top Quality Hot Sale Pine Chips / Wheat Straw Gasifier Power Plant]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Multicore Underground Aluminum Conductor Steel Tape Armored Power Cable: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Air Cooled Scroll Type Water Chiller for Industrial Process]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Led Gloves Rave]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Mini Blown Film Extrusion]
New Design Exaggerated Cute Gem Cotton Tassel Brand Earrings, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Waterproof Night Vision USA License Plate Frame Rearview Reverse Camera-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Fashion Home Decoration Paper 3D Wall Christmas Come From Manufactured]
New Design Exaggerated Cute Gem Cotton Tassel Brand Earrings,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer]
New Design Exaggerated Cute Gem Cotton Tassel Brand Earrings, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Sale Power Press Perforated Metal Punch Machine, Part I.100%Polyester Satin Fabric for Blouse. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Rectangular Box Facial Tissue Paper Fk-110]
Shenzhen Manufacturer High Quality Metal CNC Precision Machining Titanium/Stainless Steel/Brass Custom Aluminum Case/Box/Casing/Enclosure, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Tungsten Carbide Extension Adapter Boring Bars for External Turning Tools.High-End Compression Rash Guards, Long Sleeve Compression Shirt, 175-184[Parafin Wax/Fully Refined Paraffin Wax Paraffin Wax Malaysia]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[1.75mm 3mm ABS PLA PC 3D Printer Filament Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality 100% Cotton Printing Blank Short Sleeve T Shirt Hoodie with Your Logo. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[3.7kw Air Compressor Parts Oil Free Scroll Compressor Heads]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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