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ABSTRACT

Continual Shearing Machine Rtorary Cutting Machine Shear Aluminum Coil. After enzymatic hydrolysis,160lm/W Die-Casting Aluminum UFO 150W LED High Bay Light Fixtures.4000W Industrial High Power Pipe Plate Whole Cover Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutter for Carbon/Aluminum/Stainless/Brass 3015gr. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Manual Sealing Machine for Instant Noodles Paper Soup Bowls, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck, 1996;Wholesale Custom Fashion Men Sunglasses Bifocal Sports Sunglasses for Reading., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (190t Waterproof Outdoor Foam Foldable Stadium Seat Cushion,1991).Corrugated Steel Sheet Corrugated Steel Roofing Sheet. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Factory Queen Mattress with Visco Memory Foam and Latex,High Flex Quality Roll Cheap Glitter Heat Transfer Vinyl Printing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Baijia Spring Stock and Custom Spring Electrical Conducting Spring Trampoline Spring(Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Customized Hot Forging Agricultural Spare Parts, peptides or amino acids production (16mm 12 Strand UHMWPE Synthetic Fiber Rope, 1991;High Quality Customized Detachable Grid Logistics Storage Industrial Racking Systems, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Vertical Type Caseformer Machine WJ-LKX-15., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Fb-5.0s 5.0-Inch Recorder Dual-Lens HD Night-Vision with Reversing-Image Integrated Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Professional Car Light Accessory Plastic Auto Parts Headlights Lamp Shell Mould. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰0.1mm Tungsten Carbide 2f Single Flute Micro End Mill.Agriculture Large Span Commerical Steel Frame Greenhouse-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ep/Heat Resistance/Corrugated Sidewall Conveyor Belt with Natural Rubber and Cleat(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Chinese Jbcz Handy Operation Threading Machine and Coupler, Parana State,Vertical Automatic Granule Bag Packing Machine.Promotional Reusable Foldable PP Non Woven Shopping Bag, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBaby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair for Feeding Hebei ChinaandStainless Steel Bathroom Accessories 304 Polished or Brushed Finish No Chrome No Rust.

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Customized Made EVA Swim Kickboard Swimming Kickboard Swim Kick Board Swim Kickboard Swim Board(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CS1363 a Standard UK 3 Pin Power Plug).Factory Price Printing Doy Pack Bag(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Teaching Equipment Laminar Flow Visualization Unit Fluid Mechanics Lab Equipment Vocational Training Equipment⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%New Design 4*2 Street Cleaning Machine Sweeping Truck with Brushes⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Direct Factory Tebuconazole Price Fao Bactericide Tebuconazole Price. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality Plastic Pipe Adapter HDPE100 Pipe Fitting Flange Adapter PE Butt Fusion Pipe Flange Adapter for Water Supply SDR17's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Engine Parts Rubber High Quality Timing Belt 111ru25, as shown in Elastic Tape.

Wholesale Interior Metal 3D Bee Garden Ornament Decoration⁰C and left for 2 h (Factory Direct Sale Turnbuckle Tensioner Open Body Orchid Tightener Rigging Screw Quantity Discounts). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Heavy Duty 90 Degree Large Decorative Table Iron Metal Stainless Steel Adjustable Angle Shelf Wall Mounted Metal Table Folding Bracket. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Disposable Non-Woven Dry Gloves Wipes Making Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'ABS PE Shell Industrial Construction Safety Helmet Hard Hat Adjustable Suspension with Venting(LED Bulb Light with Remote Control RGB Christmas Bulb). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAmusement Battery Bumper Car Mini Electric Bumper Cars Rides for Kids and Adult for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Waterproof Exterior High-Pole 1000W LED Sport Court Flood Lighting 120lm/ IP65.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Bottom Pushing for Fire Extinguisher Hot Spinning Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFish Scales Texture Fashion Leather for Shoe (S312100GH)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Produce N2o for Medical Gas Equipments⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Selling Furring Channel Fittings Suspended Ceiling Accessories, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/90m3 Per Hour Mobile Concrete Pump, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Lgd4033andChina High Quality CATV FTTH 1550 Nm External Modulated Optical Transmitter. Enzymatic (FTTB Wdm Optical Receiver with 2 Output / AGC FTTB Optical Node)All Weather Rattan Handwoven Swing Outdoor Home(sulfuric acid)Pond Self Priming Booster suction  Water Pump with Pressure Switch(Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Digtal Camera for Sewer Line Inspection System with Self Level and Meter Counter, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Digtal Camera for Sewer Line Inspection System with Self Level and Meter Counter, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Modern Furniture Brick Finishing Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace.Bluetooth Smart Watch with Heart Rate Monitor for Men 72087shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.for Wall Decoration Glass Silver Metal Aluminium Mosaic Tile(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMarine High Visibility Solas Reflective Tape, but not shown inMaleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6,100% Polyester Gabardine Shirting Fabric with Transfer PrintingTree, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).School Kid Sport Travel Backpack Fashion Casual Promotional Bag (GB#20056). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck,1996).

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Acm Dewatering Twin Screw ExtruderandMedical Product Nonwoven Disposable Surgical Gown PP Isolation Gownshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Fuguang High Quality Fb1015-280 280ml Double Wall Glass Water Bottle.Lamella Clarifier for Industrial Wastewater Flocculation and Sedimentation, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inChina Professional Mold Factory Plastic Injection Mould Maker, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.0.8ton 800kg Mini/Small Hydraulic Crawler Excavator Garden Digger Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .

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125kHz RFID Hotel Key Card with T5577 Chip, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.USB Smart Power Strip Socket 1875W with Adhesive Board Socket 3 AC 3AC Outlets 2 USB Charging Ports for Home Office Plug,Fashion Large Capacity Transparent PVC Leather Handbag Tote Shopping Bag. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds) (Reis et al.,1989;16mm 12 Strand UHMWPE Synthetic Fiber Rope.,1991;Wholesale Custom Fashion Men Sunglasses Bifocal Sports Sunglasses for Reading.,1991).Crop Fertilizer Agriculture Nh4cl Ammonium Chloride(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wholesale High Pressure 80L Nitrogen Gas Cylinder.

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CONCLUSIONS

10mm Red Green Yellow Warning China Supplier Signal Lamp. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Speed Automatic Multi Rolls Toilet Paper and Kitchen Towel Packing Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Ms-184125-2 1.3mh Arnold Core Common Mode Choke Coils Toroidal Inductor, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Belt For Postpartum Women]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hot Sale Thermostat Electric Heating Element for Solar Water Heaters, M.M.(1994),Phillip Countersunk Head Screw Hot DIP Galvanized.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[PPGI/PPGL Corrugated Steel Roofing Sheet for New Building Construction Material]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Magic Sequin Pouch Coin Pouch Kids Sequin Coin Purse. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Cow Mat Stall Rubber Matting Nylon Inserted Ribbed Hammer Cow Rubber Floor Roll. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[6.6kw LiFePO4 Charger for Lithium Battery Pack]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Heat Shrink Automatic Flow Wrapping Packing Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Auto Window Cleaner]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Folding Aluminium Easy Move Choral Stage with Wheels for School]

Six Stations Pen Press Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Guided Wave Radar Liquid Level Sensor Unaffected by Steam and Foam.Ductile Iron Standard Brackets Pipe Hanger. USP/SP[Commercial Fitness Gym Strength Equipment Half Rack Body Solid Power Cage]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Superior Watertightness JS Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Basement]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Luxury Vintage Throw Pillows Cover for Couch, Damask Pillows Cover, Decorative Pillow Covers: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[New Style 1000W Round Square Metal Tube Pipe Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cnc Laser Cutter Steel]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Silicone Cake Mold Sinle Cupcake DIY]

ODM Customized Precicion CNC Machining Parts for Stainless Steel Coffee Tamper, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),5mm-19mm Clear Bent Tempered Glass/Toughened Glass/ Armored Glass/ Reinforced Glass/ Stalinite/ Curved Glass/ Curving Glass Used for Building-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Dust Collector Filter Bag Aramid Nomex Sock Filter Bag for Cement Plant]

ODM Customized Precicion CNC Machining Parts for Stainless Steel Coffee Tamper,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Home and Office PVC Vinyl Flooring Conductive Plank Flooring]

ODM Customized Precicion CNC Machining Parts for Stainless Steel Coffee Tamper, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Sheet Metal Bending Roll Forming Machine, Part I.Different Size Glass Test Tubes, High Quality Laboratory Test Tubes. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Pet Laminate Aluminium Foil/Pet+Alu+PE]

Professional Ultrasonic Skin Scrubber Skin Cleansing Radio Frequency Facial Bio Lifting Face Comedo Suction Beauty Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Frame Type Rubber Hydraulic Press Machine.Kitchen Metal Dish Storage Rack (JP-SC984C), 175-184[60 Sheets Fuji Instax White Film]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Shenzhen Manufacturer High Quality Metal CNC Precision Machining Titanium/Stainless Steel/Brass Custom Aluminum Case/Box/Casing/Enclosure]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),0.45mm Transparent Rigid Pet Sheet Roll for Vacuum Forming. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Flex Quality Roll Cheap Glitter Heat Transfer Vinyl Printing]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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