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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Wholesale CE High Quality Inlet Water Filter Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Roll Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stranded Conductor Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Wax Heater Price Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Hanging Conveyor System Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Brush Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Chain Link Fence Cage Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited–Supply OEM Custom Ptfe Teflon Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Kids Coloring Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality Pharmaceutical Aluminum Foil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Stackable No Foldable Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Robtic Spraying System Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering–m.ycwelding.com
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).China Supply Custom Hanging Conveyor System Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Magic Hair Curlers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Water Soluble Fiber Foods Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc).Wholesale CE High Quality Portable Nail Drill Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fancy Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.China Supply Custom Easy Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,30ml Dripper Bottle Factory OEM/ODM ProductsChina Supply Custom High Quality Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Needle Winding Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Thermocouple Bare Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Plating Tank Heater Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Shaft Inserting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Friction Welding Machine Pricebecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom For Wound Care Alginate Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
China Supply Custom Roofing Nail Gun Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Large Plastic Moving Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Metal Mesh For Cages Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Mfa Insulation Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Buy Calcium Propionate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Wound Dressing Kit Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Ltd.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Farm Machine Loosening Soil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Plastic Crate For Fish Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Fitness Center Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Ltd.In this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Food Additives Sweeteners Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Buy Stackable Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pain Relief Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom High Pressure Water Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Potato Chip Cutter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Sodium Saccharin Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Pallet Steel Strapping Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedChina Supply Custom Brown Rice Protein Powder Reviews Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Liquid Emulsifier Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Sodium Bicarbonate Feed Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Buy Ammonium Carbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Injection Machine Plastic Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.China Supply Custom What Is Whey Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Stainless Steel
Radiofrequency ablation
Supply OEM Custom Children Plastic Suncatchers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Buy Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ready Made Wooden Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Non Gmo Pea Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Rebar Tying Wire Spool Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Nylon Gun Adapter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Sun9s Nail Light Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Folding Shopping Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Supply OEM Custom Facial Mask Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom Black Annealed Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin C Tablet Rose Hip Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Hand Warmers Cvs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,China Supply Custom High Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
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Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,1000kg Induction Melting FurnaceChina Supply Custom Folded Crate Wholesalers Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Alpha-Phosphatidyl Choline Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc;China Supply Custom Floor Mats Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Outdoor Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Farm Tractor Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Backhoe Loader Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Supply High Quality Soy Protein Isolate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
