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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Hair Straightening Brush Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Whey Protein Powder For Diabetics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Butterfly Suncatcher Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Metro Wire Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality 22 Awg Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited–Supply OEM Custom Tape For Wound Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Arthritis Pain Relief Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wood Shelves For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Automotive Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ptfe Teflon Cable Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering–China Supply Custom Food Grade Ammonium Bicarbonate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Shake Diet Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein Products Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Plastic Crates China Price Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Supply OEM Custom 3x3 Galvanized Welded Wire Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedChina Supply Custom Cheap Whey Protein Isolate Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ammonium Bicarbonate Food Grade 99.2%Min Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Treadmill MatWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Saccharin Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Foot Bath Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Alloy Steel Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe,Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale CE High Quality Kg Nail Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limitedbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Rubber Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hanging Conveyor System Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering, such as acute DVT,Supply OEM Custom Painting Palette Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&Epregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Nails Machine Making Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hand Warmers Gloves Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Supply OEM Custom Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Plastic Crate For Fish Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.The methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Kids Outdoor Playground Slide Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong ToysIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Wooden Slatted Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Concrete Steel Nail Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Now Organic Pea Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Isp Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality Thermocouple Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Teflon 30awg Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salbutamol Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom Calcium Propionate For Food Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
China Supply Custom Good Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Sports Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Painted Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Brush Self Adhesive FilmSupply OEM Custom Conference Room Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., recurrence rates,Supply OEM Custom Food Grade Use Of Ammonium Bicarbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Pe Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Decorative Artificial Grass Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co.
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Robotic Spray Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringChina Supply Custom Hand Warming Gloves Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grass Carpet For Garden Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT. Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Gas Powder Coating Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering
Radiofrequency ablation
Supply OEM Custom Shaft Pressing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Food Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Reviews Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Artificial Light Maple Tree Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Leaf Craft Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Make Up Female Mannequin Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,China Supply Custom Amodiaquine Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesChina Supply Custom Snowing Artificial Christmas Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Painted Waxed Baling Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Supply OEM Custom Buy Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Bosch Car Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,www.cnzxpump.com
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated And Sheathed Wires Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spray Machine For Paint Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Plasitc Used Plastic Crates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Supply OEM Custom Sheep Wire Mesh Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM White Nuisance Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Construction Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom ECO-Friendly Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,China Supply Custom Rivet Nut Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe.China Supply Custom Solid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom High Quality Powder Spray Machine Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineeringand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Sports Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,China Supply Custom Aluminum Auto Parts Injection Products Cheap Price - Highpoint MachinerySupply OEM Custom Artificial Palm Tree Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Artificial Real Touch Leaves Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.;Supply OEM Custom Where Can I Get Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Multi Color Nail Drill Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM The Best Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocHowever, high-China Supply Custom Spray Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Anticoughtin Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
