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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale CE High Quality Herbal Extract Pain Relief Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin E Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Selenium Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Red Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Gel Heating Pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Emulsifier Lecithin Soy Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc–China Supply Custom Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Mezzanine Staircase Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Is Fiber Good For Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Vanilla Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Brazing Welding Rod Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited–Supply OEM Custom types medical supplies Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Brazing Welding Rod Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Supermarket Plastic Container Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Examples Of High Fiber Foods Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Q235 High Tensile Blue Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Colorful Indoor Trampoline ParkSupply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Imd Phone Case Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom 1/4 Pressure Washer Drain Sewer Cleaning Nozzle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Wholesale CE High Quality Solid Timber Floating Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVESymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Small Plastic Containers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention. Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Air Rivet Nut Gun Pistol Type High Quality Supplierbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Daily Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Remove Scar Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemether+Lumefantrine Tabs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicinespregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Orthodontic Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemether+Lumefantrine Tabs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Very High Fiber Foods Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Biological Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Ltd.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Kitchen Wire Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Soybeans Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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China Supply Custom Medical Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom What Is Pea Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Painted Waxed Baling Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. Alternatively,China Supply Custom Cleaning High Pressure Water Gun Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.Supply OEM Custom Vital Pea Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Glass Block With Hole Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

China Supply Custom Self Service Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body. Ltd., Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Veterinary Drug Companies Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesChina Supply Custom Private Label Dietary Fibers Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Pet Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Reduction Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe,China Supply Custom 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Furry Hot Water Bottle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceWholesale CE High Quality Copper Conductor Awg Silicone Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering;Supply OEM Custom Stone Cage Wire Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Palette Knife Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E,Control Wire

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale CE High Quality Slimming Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Nested Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Wire Shelving Parts Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Vitamin B3 Face Serum Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality High Fiber Diet Foods Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Coating Masking Jig Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Ivermectin Injection 1% Veterinary Medicine Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Winter Face Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Ltd.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Burn Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Discs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Used Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,www.hbgcdl-fasteners.com

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Supply OEM Custom Plastic Cap Roofing Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Curler Suppliers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale CE High Quality Portable Nail Drill Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Supply OEM Custom Multi Vitamin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesSupply OEM Custom Dinosaur Hot Water Bottle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.China Supply Custom Die Casting Process Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery.China Supply Custom Robot Spray Painting Machine Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom What Is Whey Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Food Addtivies Calcium Propionate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein For Aquatics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Waterproof And Breathable Membrane Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Clotrimazole Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicinesand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Stator Testing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom White Chicken Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium CNC Machining Parts Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint MachineryChina Supply Custom Ammonia Baking Soda Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Dihydroartemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Embossed Aluminum Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Hand Warmers Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,China Supply Custom 9w Uv Nail Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom High Fiber Grains Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Radiant Heater Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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