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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Supply OEM Custom Nested And Plastic Box Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Vitamin B Complex Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Soya Bean Lecithin Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Ad3e Injection Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Fire Resistant Cable Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Slimming Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc–Supply OEM Custom Mezzanine Level Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVEHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale CE High Quality Oil Antimalarials Easy To Use Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality Pine Shelving Timber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Painting Palette Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E.China Supply Custom Raw Brown Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc–Big Size Cutting Machine Manufacturers Cheap Price
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Dietary Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Soya Bean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Duckback Hot Water Bag Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crochet Hand Warmers Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceChina Supply Custom Galvanized Wire Mesh 2 Mesh 5x5 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Expendable Thermocouple Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Cheap Hair Curlers Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYChina Supply Custom Folding Shopping Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Costs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Painting & Colouring Sets Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Wooden Shelving Systems Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVESymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Floating Timber Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Electric Pressure Washer Factory & Supplier Price - MingouHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale CE High Quality Galvanized Barbed Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limitedbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Supply OEM Custom Zippo Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance, such as acute DVT,Supply OEM Custom Nutribiotic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Brown Rice Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic High Pressure Water Hose Products Cheap Price - Mingou,Wholesale CE High Quality Sand Blasting Gun Products Cheap Price - Mingou—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Fiber In Food Products Cheap Price - Huge RocThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Soybeans Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Wooden Slatted Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Artificial Plants Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Wholesale CE High Quality Lid Attached Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Sodium Saccharin Food Grade Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lcd Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Bathroom Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Carpet Synthetic Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Herbal Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Biological Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Supply OEM Custom Shipping Basket Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Muscle Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Aluminum Die Casting Mold Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint Machinery, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Foam Sprayer Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou.Wholesale CE High Quality Inexpensive Bookshelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,Ltd.
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Inexpensive Bookshelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE Ltd.;Wholesale CE High Quality Protein Powder Online Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.China Supply Custom Add Sweetness To Beverages Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Barbed Wire3.0 Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Corrugated Roofing Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Automatic Motor Assembly Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Mesh 20x20 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Capsules Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,China Supply Custom Soybean Dietary Fibre Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
Supply OEM Custom Soft Annealed Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Duckback Hot Water Bag Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Supply OEM Custom Packaging Aluminium Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1 Reciprocator Powder Spray System Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale CE High Quality Sun9s Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Karcher K3 Pressure Washer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Brand Name Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Non Gmo Soy Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Ring Shank Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Resistant Ptfe Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.China Supply Custom Football Door Mats Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Wooden Shelving Systems Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.Ltd.China Supply Custom Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Supply OEM Custom Nail Polish Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Flexible Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Chocolate Brown Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Antibiotic Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,China Supply Custom Very High Fiber Foods Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whitening Gel Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichenand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom High Temp Resistant Teflon Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Natural Dietary Fiber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Diesel Engine Pressure WasherWholesale CE High Quality C6h12nnao3s - Sodium Cyclamate Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Chain Link Fence Cage Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited;China Supply Custom Gold Aluminum Foil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Medical Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Grocery Store Shelving For Sale Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Kx Thermocouple Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-China Supply Custom Fitness Center Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
