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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Supply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom wound dressing making pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Gold Plated Tungsten Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Thermocouple Bare Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Raw Material Wire Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom 98% Soya Lecithin/Soybean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mi Thermocouple Cable Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale CE High Quality Welding Rod 3.15 Mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Surgical Dressing Membrane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tasteless Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc–Dimplex Electric Fireplace Factory OEM/ODM Products

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Anorectal Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydraulic Hose High Pressure Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Led Nail Light Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY).Supply OEM Custom Custom Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenChina Supply Custom Artificial Oak Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Food Preservative Calcium Propionate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,m.alsichina.comWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mi Thermocouple Cable Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Powder Coating Line For Cabinet Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Table 1

CEAP classification: C (clinical component)

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Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Battery Operated Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Supply OEM Custom Bicarb Soda Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wheeled Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Factory Supply Teflon Coated Electrical Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Bible Book Printingbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Nichrome Thermocouple Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fence Barb Wire Arm Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Flowers Artificial Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Powder Brands Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Cooling Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Electric Hot Gel Bag Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Telescopic Lance Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Fep Insulated Fluoroplastics Wire Ul1332 Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Electric Ir Heater Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Foods Are High In Fiber List Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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China Supply Custom Add Sweetness To Beverages Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Perfect Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nestable Plastic Packaging Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Armature Testing Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Peas Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 24w/48w Sunone Uv Led Nail Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Supply OEM Custom Fep/Pfa Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Vented Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,China Supply Custom Robotic Spray Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Ethernet And Wifi Sim Card RouterSupply OEM Custom Spiral Bevel Gear Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Children Foam Toys Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.China Supply Custom Sodium Cyclamate Manufacturernate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Diy Craft Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Painted Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Use Hand And Foot Paraffin Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY;Wholesale CE High Quality Solid Timber Floating Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Construction Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Outdoor Children Toy Slide

Radiofrequency ablation

Supply OEM Custom Mirror Polished Aluminum Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Systems Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Hand Warmer Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Wholesale CE High Quality Retardant Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.,China Supply Custom Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate Msds Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom 9w Uv Nail Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Antibiotics Lincomycin Hcl Capsule Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Field Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,4 Cmc - Carboxymethyl CelluloseChina Supply Custom Natural Rice Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Spray Paint Ventilation System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering

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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Stator Testing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Plc Vibratory Finishing Machine

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Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Black Concrete Nail Factory OEM/ODM ProductsChina Supply Custom Plastic Crates Hinged Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Rope Course Advanture Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys;Wholesale CE High Quality Hard Drawn Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Three Phase Motor Production Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Blue And Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited-term follow-China Supply Custom Unflavored Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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