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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin K1 Injectable Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lean And Healthy Pea Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Craft Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.China Supply Custom Intermediate Forming Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Folding Go Cart Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom 6s Phone Case Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Calcium Chloride Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines–China Supply Custom Soya Bean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Customized Assembly Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1 Inch Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Fever Plaster Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Eye Mask Sleep Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen–Wholesale CE High Quality Where To Buy Ammonium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).China Supply Custom Binding Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Profile Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lamination Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Motor Manufacturing Turn-Key Service Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Max Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Anodized Aluminium PartsSupply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking System Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Ptfe Teflon Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Paint Cabinet Baking Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Acne Mask Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Solid Fold Up Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Rough Terrain Crane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghebecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Conveyor Systems Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Custom Plastic Storage Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., such as acute DVT, Ltd.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Eps Sandwich Panel Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom AR Gun Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,China Supply Custom Sodium Saccharin For Sale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Hydrophilic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Solid Fold Up Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom AR Gun Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Farm Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

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China Supply Custom Construction Steel Strap Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Bicarbonate Of Soda Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 9-Vitamin Tablets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Herbal Plaster Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom Concrete Steel Nail Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Supply OEM Custom 3m Rubber Floor Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Best Rice For Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Blackhead Removal Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Full Automatic Powder Coating Line Equipment Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM There/Four/Five Axis Coating Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydroxyde Aluminium +Hydroxyde Magnesium Tabs Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Shelving Timber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electric Hot Water Bottle Argos Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceWholesale CE High Quality Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen;China Supply Custom Large Plastic Moving Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality High Quality Powder Spray Machine Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale CE High Quality Barbed Wire Length Per Roll Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin C Brands Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins. Ltd.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Professional Hair Straightener Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Colored Folding Plastic Containers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale CE High Quality Hinged Lid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Veterinary Digestive System Drug Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Natural Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hand Warmers Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceChina Supply Custom Painting & Colouring Sets Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Racking System For Warehouse Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein Powder Benefits Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Wooden Kitchen Wall Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE

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Wholesale CE High Quality Lightweight Steel Strap Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Electric Ir Heater Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tennis Court Synthetic Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Ltd.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fiber Rich Cereals Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Folding Plastic Crate With Lid Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Artificial Indoor Cherry Blossom Tree Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Crates And Skates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Face Paint Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 24w/48w Sunone Uv Led Nail Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Supply OEM Custom ODM Mobile Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Industrial Infrared Heater Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineeringand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom Tpu Iphone 6 Case Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Isolate Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Packing Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Embossed Aluminum Sheet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antianemic Agents Tablet Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cheap T Post Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Organic Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc-term follow-China Supply Custom Multicolor Artificial Green Leaf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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