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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Storage Crate With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Dip Galvanized Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Floor Camping Mats Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality sheet face mask oem Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Dolly For Sale Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin E Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Mobile Phone Case Suppliers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology–Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Isolated Soy Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Whey Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc(EVLA),China Supply Custom Spray Paint Ventilation System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Armature Winder Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited–Supply OEM Custom Snow Foam Lance Wap Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Slimming Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Overhead Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Mezzanine Level Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE).China Supply Custom Raw Brown Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Injection Machine Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Dietary Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Building Galvanized PipeWholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Food Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crochet Hand Warmers Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Expendable Thermocouple Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Mini Electronic Nail Dryer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Bird Cage Welded Wire Mesh Roll Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Stackable Euro Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.because the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Boxwood Topiary Trees Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Road Machinery Products Cheap Price - Fenghe, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Painting & Colouring Sets Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&Epregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Supply OEM Custom Synthetic Turf Artifical Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Heavy Duty Warehouse Racks Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Decorative Artificial Grass Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Wooden Shelving Systems Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Electric Pressure Washer Factory & Supplier Price - MingouIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Nutribiotic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Mini Spray Booth Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
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Supply OEM Custom Plastic Tote Dolly Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Fiber In Food Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality Caesarean Section Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stacking Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Soybeans Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
Supply OEM Custom Mineral Wool Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Wooden Slatted Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Supply OEM Custom Sodium Saccharin Food Grade Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Cnc Drilling MachineChina Supply Custom Mirror Polished Aluminum Coil Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Soft Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Herbal Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Shipping Basket Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Solid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Muscle Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc;China Supply Custom Automatic Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality Inexpensive Bookshelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Stator Powder Coating Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.
Radiofrequency ablation
Supply OEM Custom Good Quality Powder Coating Line Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tasteless Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Ltd., Ltd.,China Supply Custom Add Sweetness To Beverages Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Buy Ammonium Carbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Perfect Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Mesh 20x20 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Bag Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceSupply OEM Custom 20awg Nickel Plated Copper Silicone Rubber Coated Wire Ul3141 Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Capsules Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Soybean Dietary Fibre Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Karcher K3 Pressure Washer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Supply OEM Custom Paraffin Wax Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY
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Supply OEM Custom Motto Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Storage Mezzanines Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Brand Name Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologySupply OEM Custom Excavator Rock Bucket Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Custom Wood Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Razor Wire For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Diy Roller Foam Paint Brush Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Sand Blasting Nozzle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportChina Supply Custom Non Gmo Soy Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Rocand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom White Chicken Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Ltd.
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale CE High Quality Garden Hose Products Cheap Price - MingouSupply OEM Custom 18w 36w Uv Led Nail Dryer Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale CE High Quality Blue Tempered And Waxed Steel Strap Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coating Aluminum Foil Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whitening Gel Mask Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Disposable Antibacterial Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen-term follow-China Supply Custom Non Gmo Soy Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
