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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
PMCID:PMC4301287
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Tornado Gun Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Supplementary Electrolyte Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Paint Cabinet Baking Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Black Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Ivermectin Injection 1% Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint MachineryRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Hair Straightening Comb Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY–Wholesale CE High Quality Plant Based Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Antibiotics For Animals Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines(EVLA),China Supply Custom Plastic Crates In Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Weight Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Outdoor Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.–Supply OEM Custom Square Plasti Foldable Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Farm Tractor Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Based Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Suppliers China Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited).China Supply Custom Mini Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYWholesale CE High Quality Large Plastic Crate Box Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Embossed Aluminum Sheet Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Design Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEWholesale CE High Quality FG-TYK Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Baking Soda In Water Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Lotion Emulsifying Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Glue &Glitter Glue Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&ESymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Diamond Nail Dryer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Ad3e Injection Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Supply OEM Custom Crate With Cover Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.because the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Wound Dressing Film Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Pain Relief Patchcomfort Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, such as acute DVT,Wholesale CE High Quality Sun9s Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Farm Tractor Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe,Wholesale CE High Quality Good Hair Straightener Brush Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Supply OEM Custom Pallet Shelves For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Oem Hair Straightener Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Atv Hand Warmers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin E Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Protein Shake Recipes Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Adult Paints Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Mobile Phone Case Suppliers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Crates Used For Logistics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Jet Power Pressure Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.China Supply Custom Hand Warming Gloves Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Isolated Soy Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

China Supply Custom Rubber Bathroom Floor Mats Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale CE High Quality Slimming Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Wood Spray Painting Booth Oven Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringChina Supply Custom Cosmetic Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Storage Used Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Mezzanine Level Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Raw Brown Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Shipping Basket Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Dietary Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc;Supply OEM Custom Concrete Nails With Washer Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Duckback Hot Water Bag Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Ltd.

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom Plain Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Tall Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crochet Hand Warmers Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Expendable Thermocouple Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Bird Cage Welded Wire Mesh Roll Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited

Foam sclerotherapy

Supply OEM Custom Food Preservative Calcium Propionate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Electric Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.China Supply Custom Painting & Colouring Sets Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&EObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Led Artificial Palm Tree Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.Supply OEM Custom Albendazole For Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Wooden Shelving Systems Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Electric Pressure Washer Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Fiber In Food Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Carbon Infrared Heater Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering

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Supply OEM Custom Grocery Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,Supply OEM Custom Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Soybeans Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Tools Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Compensating Cable/Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Multi Vitamin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.China Supply Custom Hanging Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electric Hot Water Bottle Argos Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.China Supply Custom Wooden Slatted Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom Sodium Saccharin Food Grade Products Cheap Price - Huge Rocand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom Where Can You Buy Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Herbal Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,m.samdimade.comWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sleep Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Oven Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;Supply OEM Custom Black Metal Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Shipping Basket Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Muscle Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Antifungal Agents Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Five Bar Patern Checkered Aluminum Sheet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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