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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Supply OEM Custom Black Steel Strapping Strip Manufacturer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality School Playground Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Telescopic Aerial Working Vehicle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe.Wholesale CE High Quality Glue &Glitter Glue Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Building Nails Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom Digestive System Drops Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom Powder Coating Line For Cabinet Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering–Wholesale CE High Quality Universal Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Hand Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou(EVLA),China Supply Custom Quick Response Thermocouple Wire Type K Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom For Wound Care Alginate Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen–Flange Pipe
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Ltd.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Saccharin Sodium 20-40 Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Ltd.).Supply OEM Custom Sealess Steel Strapping Tool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale CE High Quality Mjjc Foam Lance Products Cheap Price - Mingou.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Goods Stands Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Special FastenersWholesale CE High Quality 9s Sun Uv Led Nail Lamp Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Used Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Artificial Plants Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Nail Product Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Chromel Alumel Thermocouple Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Cold Rolled Steel Straps Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Galvanized Welded Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limitedbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.China Supply Custom Isp Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Machine Wash Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingoupregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Calcium Alginate Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Factory Outlet Sunone Uv Led Nail Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale CE High Quality Building Nails Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemisinin 99% Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Good Hair Straightener Brush Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Aluminum Die Casting Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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China Supply Custom hemostasis Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin D Capsules Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Natural Dietary Fiber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Phone Case Website Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Wholesale CE High Quality Bronze Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Unflavored Brown Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
China Supply Custom Antibiotic Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Supply OEM Custom Tall Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Glass Block Bricks Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Compact Brewhouse-BhmWholesale CE High Quality Soy Protein Shakes Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Soybean Dietary Fibre Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Mica Tape And Fiber Glass Insulating Wire And Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Kitchen Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein Powder Benefits Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Vital Protein Pea Protein Isolate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc;Supply OEM Custom Animal Veterinary Medicine Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality Building Nails Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale CE High Quality Kids Colouring Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E
Radiofrequency ablation
Supply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Nested Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Bus Spray Paint Cabinet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Synovial Tenosynovitis Stickers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen
Foam sclerotherapy
Wholesale CE High Quality Sodium Bicarbonate For Industry Use Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Ltd.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Supply OEM Custom Hot Sale Steel Strapping Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where To Find Pea Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Grocery Store Shelves For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale CE High Quality Grader Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Of Iron Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Easy To Control Plastic Trolley Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.
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Supply OEM Custom Welded Wire Mesh Sizes Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Shaft Inserting Machine Products Cheap Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Unflavored Brown Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Kids Hot Water Bottle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceWholesale CE High Quality Electric Heat Bag Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale CE High Quality Inside Spraying Painting Machine Forglass Bottles Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Muscle Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Custom Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom Eagle Wire Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Rubber Floor Mats Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Where Can I Get Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom Best Handheld Steam Iron Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Wooden Wall Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Aluminium Casting CNC Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Folding Jib Aerial Working Vehicle Products Cheap Price - FengheWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Materials Used In Making Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen;Supply OEM Custom Liquid Emulsifier Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Mutivitamin Syrup Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,China Supply Custom Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Standard Custom Five Axis Reciprocating Machine With Four Plates Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Smooth Slitted Aluminum Strip Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
