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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Nested Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Sodium Bicarbonate For Industry Use Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where To Find Pea Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom What Is Pea Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Propionate Uses Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc–Supply OEM Custom Nail Lamp Sun T9 Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Welded Wire Mesh Sizes Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Shaft Inserting Machine Products Cheap Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Unflavored Brown Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom What Is Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc–2751 Silicone Rubber Coated Fiberglass Sleeving Supplier Best-Selling
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ul10064 Ptfe Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Heat Bag Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc).China Supply Custom Wound Dressing With Silver Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Inside Spraying Painting Machine Forglass Bottles Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ulcer Wound Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Seamless Tube A335 P91Wholesale CE High Quality Muscle Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Custom Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Buy Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crate For Turnover Container Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Eagle Wire Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Fermented Brown Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Pressure Nozzle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingoubecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Rubber Floor Mats Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
China Supply Custom Wooden Wall Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technologypregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Materials Used In Making Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Liquid Emulsifier Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality 18 Gauge Binding Wire Specifications Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stator Forming Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Standard Custom Five Axis Reciprocating Machine With Four Plates Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Whey Protein Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Disposable Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Maintenance Free Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality 4mm Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Farm Iron Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. Ltd.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 99% Artemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Vegan Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Diets For Adults Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Corrugated Steel Tile Making MachineWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Maintenance Free Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Custom Wood Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Pressure Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,China Supply Custom Organic Soy Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Calcium Propionate For Food Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 99% Artemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Oem Hair Straightener Comb Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.China Supply Custom Good Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sandusky Wire Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fiber Intake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Vegan Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Saccharin Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Zippo Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Ltd.
Foam sclerotherapy
Supply OEM Custom Sandblasting Gun Products Cheap Price - Mingou; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Military Barbed Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Transparent Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Supply OEM Custom Stator Slot Paper Inserting Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.China Supply Custom Sodium Cyclohexylsulfamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom Feed Grade Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Pvc Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality 1.33lb Per Ft Green Painted Studded T Post Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited
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Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Bookshelves For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVEChina Supply Custom Best Tasting Rice Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom 86barbed Wire Weight Per Meter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited;China Supply Custom Machine To Manufacture Screw Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Children Foam Toys Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E,China Supply Custom Alginate Fiber Wound Dressings Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHowever, high-China Supply Custom Brown Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc-term follow-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Pressure Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
