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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Kid Drawing Board Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom Packaging Aluminium Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.China Supply Custom Pea Protein Vegan Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Self Service Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou–Supply OEM Custom Painless Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Antimalarials Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ammonium Bicarbonate Baking Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Small Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E–Cheap Instant Camera

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint MachineryThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Hair Straightening Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Plant Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc).Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Bicarbonate Of Soda Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Net Baskets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Neural Relaxation Patch Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Calcium Propionate In Bread Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Vitamin C Deciency Syrup Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Steel Wire Mesh 3mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Brass Adapter Products Cheap Price - Mingou,China Supply Custom Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Field Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Can Inside Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Emotional Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichenbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Hotsell Soccer Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., such as acute DVT, Ltd.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin C Tablet Rose Hip Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,China Supply Custom Electrical Wire Flat Cable Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Professional Nail Dryer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Retail Shop Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Iron Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Foam Gun Car Wash Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-t02.jpg

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Ficus Plant Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Plastic Crates Maker Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.In this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Sstorage Turnover Large Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Dubai Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Large Plastic Crate Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom High Quality Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.

China Supply Custom Pure Gold Collagen Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Powder Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYWholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom hydrophilic gel Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Vegetable Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sun9c Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Shake Nutrition Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocLtd.;China Supply Custom Blower Wheel Aluminum Casting Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint Machinery. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Rack & Shelf Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,5 Axis Cnc Wood Router

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom Motorcycles Aluminum Casting Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Outdoor Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Furry Hot Water Bottle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance, Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Now Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 25000 Rpm Nail Drill Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Light Chemical Compound HoseSupply OEM Custom Sodium Saccharin For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Wire Mesh Roll Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Supply OEM Custom Foam Gun Car Wash Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Solid Box Style And Plastic Folding Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ekg Cable With 12 Leads Manufacturers Cheap Price

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Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case Iphone 8 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ul10064 Ptfe Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Foil Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Kitchen Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVEWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Rotor Die Casting Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lumbar Muscle Strain Stickers Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom What Foods Have Fiber In It Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Farm Guard Field Fence Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Educational Games Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 10 Gauge Welded Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Sewage Hose Factory & Supplier Price - MingouIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Cheap Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limitedand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ptfe Teflon Cable Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Curling Iron Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,www.usbcmaster.comSupply OEM Custom Rice Protein Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Stackable Crate With Lid Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.;China Supply Custom Vitamin B3 Face Serum Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Powder Coating Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Grocery Store Shelves For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE-term follow-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Thhn Thwn Electrical Wire 16 Awg Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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