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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sleep Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Oven Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Black Metal Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Antifungal Agents Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Five Bar Patern Checkered Aluminum Sheet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%. Ltd.Risk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Hand Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where To Find Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin B12 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Solid Box Style And Plastic Folding Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Lcd Nail Dryer Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY–Oca Lcd Repair Vacuum Laminating Machine
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Sodium Bicarbonate Feed Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Decorative Chain Link Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY).Wholesale CE High Quality Patch Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antianemic Agents Tablet Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines,Dog Seat Cover Car SeatWholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Sale Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Electrostatic Paint Spraying System Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Bakers Ammonia Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Neuropion Injection Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Hot Hands Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention. Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Diamond Led Nail Light Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.China Supply Custom Motorcycle Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Twisted Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicinespregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom High-Quality Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Loader-Digger Products Cheap Price - Fenghe—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Emulsifier Lecithin Soy Products Cheap Price - Huge RocThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Brazing Welding Rod Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Clip Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein 80 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lecithin Supplement Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Animal Drug Ivermectin Injection Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Supermarket Plastic Container Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.
Wholesale CE High Quality Coil Lacing Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Examples Of High Fiber Foods Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Q235 High Tensile Blue Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Stainless Steel Dining ChairChina Supply Custom Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Whey Rice Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Rheumatism Stickers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom 1/4 Pressure Washer Drain Sewer Cleaning Nozzle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyWholesale CE High Quality Solid Timber Floating Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE;China Supply Custom Feed Grade Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT. Ltd.,China Supply Custom Excavating Machine Products Cheap Price - Fenghe
Radiofrequency ablation
China Supply Custom Plastic Type Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Stator Winding Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemether+Lumefantrine Tabs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Biological Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Ltd.
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Oem Hair Straightener Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Synthenic Lawn Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Kitchen Wire Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,www.jyhypower.comWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Effervescent Vitamin C Tablets Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom What Is Pea Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Glass Block With Hole Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life. Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Plant Based Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
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Wholesale CE High Quality Wooden Slatted Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Wooden Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Gun-Fix Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Reduction Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheChina Supply Custom Soy Lecithin For Nutritional Supplements Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Herbal Extract Pain Relief Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin E Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Selenium Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Red Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Gel Heating Pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.China Supply Custom 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Copper Conductor Awg Silicone Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineeringand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Mezzanine Staircase Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Palette Knife Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,FeaturedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Is Fiber Good For Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Vanilla Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Brazing Welding Rod Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Wire Shelving Parts Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Vitamin B3 Face Serum Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
