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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Supply OEM Custom Hot Hands Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Motorcycle Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Twisted Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom High-Quality Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom Diy Craft Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&ERisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Use Hand And Foot Paraffin Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY–Supply OEM Custom Construction Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale CE High Quality Loader-Digger Products Cheap Price - Fenghe(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Clip Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Transparent Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Hand Warmer Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance–Supply OEM Custom Colored Artificial Grass Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Retardant Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein 80 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate Msds Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Field Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lecithin Supplement Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Brass Faucet Spout Factory OEM/ODM ProductsWholesale CE High Quality Animal Drug Ivermectin Injection Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Rice Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Stator Testing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Coil Lacing Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Soy Protein Isolated Best Price Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein Reviews Products Cheap Price - Huge Rocbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.China Supply Custom Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
China Supply Custom Whey Rice Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Cosmetic Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichenpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,China Supply Custom Feed Grade Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Plastic Type Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Top Level Vital Wheat Gluten Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Effervescent Vitamin C Tablets Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Three Phase Motor Production Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Stator Winding Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Wholesale CE High Quality Synthenic Lawn Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Effervescent Vitamin C Tablets Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Animal Hot Water Bottle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale CE High Quality Wooden Slatted Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Rotor Die Casting Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.
Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Wooden Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Inlet Water Filter Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou,Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice And Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Protein Powder Australia Products Cheap Price - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Gun-Fix Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Soy Lecithin For Nutritional Supplements Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E,China Supply Custom Pea Protein Vegan Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Herbal Extract Pain Relief Patch Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenChina Supply Custom Vital Wheat Gluten 25kg Wheat Flour Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc;Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin E Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lumbar Muscle Strain Stickers Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Mesh Roll Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Selenium Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Red Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Unflavored Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Adapter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Powder Where To Buy Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom OEM Mobile Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology,peas-pa
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Brazing Welding Rod Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Sodium Cyclohexylsulfamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Imd Phone Case Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Supply OEM Custom Small Plastic Containers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Daily Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Remove Scar Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Orthodontic Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemether+Lumefantrine Tabs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Single Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportChina Supply Custom Rubber Bathroom Floor Mats Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Very High Fiber Foods Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Gear Products Cheap Price - Fenghe
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Cycling BackpackSupply OEM Custom Soybeans Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen;China Supply Custom Medical Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. FS was associated with the highest failure rate. Ltd.,China Supply Custom Brown Rice Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Painted Waxed Baling Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited-term follow-China Supply Custom Cleaning High Pressure Water Gun Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
