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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Supply OEM Custom Tape For Wound Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Calcium Propionate 99% Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Telescopic Lance Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.China Supply Custom Vitamin Injection B12 Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom High Quality Powder Spray Machine Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom 8 - Pea Protein Isolate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom Albendazole For Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines–China Supply Custom High Soluble Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Eyedrops Of Gentamycin Sulfate Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Stack And Nest Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Synthetic Plant Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Speed Depilatory Roll On Wax Heater Roller Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY–China Supply Custom Nail Dryer Manufacturers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Buy Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom China Wholesale Sodium Cyclamate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc).China Supply Custom Now Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM China Supplier Plant Based Organic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Nail Head Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,Ltd.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Leaf Wedding Decoration Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Automatic Powder Spray Coating Line Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Burn Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Ltd.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Hydrophilic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Farm Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Supply OEM Custom Roofing Aluminum Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technologybecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Diamond Aluminium Floor Plate Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Healthcare Plaster Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom 6s Phone Case Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technologypregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Manufacturers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Rheumatism Adhesive Pain Relief Plaster Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nestable Plastic Container Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Calcium Chloride Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Soya Bean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Eye Mask Sleep Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Black Annealed Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ammonium Bicarbonate Where To Buy Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Binding Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality Incipio Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. Alternatively,China Supply Custom Alginate Fiber Wound Dressings Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Corrugated Paper Display Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lamination Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology

Wholesale CE High Quality Steel Racks For Warehouse Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Motor Manufacturing Turn-Key Service Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,China Supply Custom Rice Protein Animal Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom China Wholesale Sodium Cyclamate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Supply OEM Custom Waterproof And Breathable Membrane Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Stack And Nest Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Paint Cabinet Baking Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Best Rice For Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Acne Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Buy Soy Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Single Depilatory Wax Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins. Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Hydrophilic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Solid Fold Up Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.

Foam sclerotherapy

Supply OEM Custom Animal Drug Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom AR Gun Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,5kw Diesel Generator Supplier & ManufacturerChina Supply Custom Mobile Phone Case Exporters Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Concrete Steel Nail Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Blackhead Removal Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Wound Paster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen

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China Supply Custom New Energy Stator Winding Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Isolated Soy Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Truck Mounted Crane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedChina Supply Custom Effervescent Tablets Vd Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin K1 Injectable Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lean And Healthy Pea Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Craft Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.China Supply Custom Intermediate Forming Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Folding Go Cart Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Shelving Timber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVEIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichenand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Customized Assembly Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Extruded Pvc ProfileWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1 Inch Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Fever Plaster Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen;Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Profile Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. FS was associated with the highest failure rate. Ltd.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Professional Hair Straightener Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Max Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking System Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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