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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pm 2.5 Face Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crate For Turnover Container Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality sterile Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom Hair Straightening Brush Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Whey Protein Powder For Diabetics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Disposable Antibacterial Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Mobile Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE–Wholesale CE High Quality Antifungal Agents Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Butterfly Suncatcher Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Metro Wire Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Phone Case Website Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology–China Supply Custom Food Additive Saccharin Sodium Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Ficus Plant Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Arthritis Pain Relief Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Overhead Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE).Supply OEM Custom Fence Post Concret Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wood Shelves For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coil Nails For Pallets Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Professional Plastic Crates Manufacture Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Wholesale CE High Quality Automotive Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein Products Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Heat Bag Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Supply OEM Custom Single-Row Crossover Rolling Type Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Cheap Whey Protein Isolate Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Disposable Antibacterial Face Mask Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Pressure Car Wash Hose Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingoubecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Saccharin Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Foot Bath Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Mobile Library Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,Supply OEM Custom Rubber Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hanging Conveyor System Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Anticoughtin Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Electric Ir Heater Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom China Storage Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Nails Machine Making Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Installation Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Concrete Steel Nail Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Atv Hand Warmers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Now Organic Pea Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Metal Mesh For Cages Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Wholesale CE High Quality Thermocouple Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Nutrition Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Gel Heating Pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antipyretic And Analgesic Drop Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesWholesale CE High Quality Teflon 30awg Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salbutamol Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antimalarial Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Propionate In Bread Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Good Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Alginate Medical Wound Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen;Supply OEM Custom Conference Room Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Animal Drug Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Japanese Style Viscose Lace Underwear

Radiofrequency ablation

Supply OEM Custom Food Grade Use Of Ammonium Bicarbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Robotic Spray Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Intermediate Forming Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Supply OEM Custom Stone Cage Wire Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grass Carpet For Garden Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Shaft Pressing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Popular Firm Folding Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Flange Forming Machine Manufacturers Cheap PriceSupply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Straightener Price Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Nutribiotic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Weight Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale CE High Quality Commutator Shaft Assembly Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.

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Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Leaf Craft Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.China Supply Custom Snowing Artificial Christmas Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Unique Bookshelves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Herbal Plaster Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated And Sheathed Wires Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spray Machine For Paint Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Sheep Wire Mesh Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM White Nuisance Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Construction Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Food Grade Calcium Propionate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Rocand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Elite Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,China Supply Custom Silver Ptfe Teflon Cable Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringSupply OEM Custom ECO-Friendly Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Rivet Nut Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe;Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Sports Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Adult Paints Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Diamond Aluminium Floor Plate Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Artificial Palm Tree Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Artificial Real Touch Leaves Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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