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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Systems Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom 9w Uv Nail Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Antibiotics Lincomycin Hcl Capsule Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Natural Rice Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Aluminium Casting CNC Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom Solid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Risk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom High Quality Powder Spray Machine Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering–Wholesale CE High Quality Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&EHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Bicarbonate Sodium/Sodium Bicarbonate Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Commutator Fusing Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Organic Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Multi Color Nail Drill Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY–www.alugrating.com

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM The Best Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Synthetic Turf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Custom Wood Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE).China Supply Custom Roofing Nail Gun Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedSupply OEM Custom White Wooden Shelf Brackets Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Chemical Formula Of Ammonium Bicarbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,www.cimmbeatrice.comSupply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Wax Warmer Kit Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Oem Hair Straightener Comb Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Supply OEM Custom Diclazuril Veterinary Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Turf Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Farm Soil Tilling Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Dimmable Led Reading Lamp Wholesaler Quotes/PriceListbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spraying Paint Reciprocating Equipment Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Kitchen Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Mobile Phone Case Exporters Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technologypregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Plastic Crates Hinged Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Rope Course Advanture Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys,Wholesale CE High Quality Hard Drawn Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Imd Phone Case Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Kx Thermocouple Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Soya Bean Lecithin Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Blue And Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Adapter Products Cheap Price - MingouIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Delcom Electric Warm Bag Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gun-Fix Automatic Uv Paint Spraying Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Supply OEM Custom Aspartame Sodium Saccharin In Cold Drink Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

Wholesale CE High Quality High Protein Brown Rice Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Neural Relaxation Patch Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Animal Antibiotics Oxytetracycline Injection Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesWholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Plastic Pallet Unfoldable Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Plastic Grass Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Potato Chip Cutter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Professional Paraffin Wax Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Goods Stands Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Custom Plastic Storage Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.;China Supply Custom Muscle Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Ltd.,Follicle Stimulating Hormone Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom 50ml 100ml Vitamin B Complex Injection Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Storage Crate With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ammonium Bicarbonate Baking Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Phone Case Iphone 5c Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Dip Galvanized Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Floor Camping Mats Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Light Plastic Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale CE High Quality K Type Thermocouple Compensation Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale CE High Quality sheet face mask oem Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Watercolor Painting Set Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Spray Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Compensating Cable/Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Hand Warmers Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance

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Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Whey Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.China Supply Custom Spray Paint Ventilation System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Armature Winder Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Poultry Drugs Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesSupply OEM Custom Overhead Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Supply OEM Custom Injection Machine Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Food Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Mini Electronic Nail Dryer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Boxwood Topiary Trees Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Daily Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportLtd.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Road Machinery Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Crate Storage Crate With Cover Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,China Supply Custom Grab Excavator Factory & Supplier Price - FengheSupply OEM Custom Synthetic Turf Artifical Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Heavy Duty Warehouse Racks Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Decorative Artificial Grass Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Nail Polish Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Vitamin C Brands Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Mini Spray Booth Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Powder Coating Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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